Directions (1-5): Each of the following
questions has a paragraph from which one sentence has been deleted. From the
given options, choose the one that completes the paragraph in the most
appropriate way.
Q1. As the former Deputy Governor of the
RBI, K.C. Chakraborty, had pointed out then, the RBI’s failure to ensure
transparency in its currency distribution operations significantly aggravated
the situation. _________________________________________. Indeed, as
representatives of bank unions have claimed, the information asymmetry that
followed meant that some banks, mostly private ones, were favoured over public
sector banks in the matter of supply of adequate currency. The severe shortage
of fresh currency was aggravated by the fact that the RBI failed to ensure a
more equitable and fair distribution of notes.
(a)It quickly became evident that
unprecedented bungling at the very highest levels was responsible for the
crisis
(b)Bank customers had no way of knowing
where they could access their money.
(c)At the height of the crisis, it was
reduced to running a lottery for those using digital payment systems.
(d)Meanwhile, a year after the gigantic
fiasco, the RBI claims it is still “scrutinising” the old notes.
(e)If the intention was to replace cash
by digital modes of payment, the latter would have to assure the same level of
certainty, predictability and acceptance.
Q2. The decision of the Yogi Adityanath
government to introduce NCERT books in madrasas without disrupting the
religious curriculum is in keeping with the spirit of Prime Minister Modi’s
mission to educate and empower the Muslim youth by modernising madrasas. The
Nai Manzil scheme, launched soon after PM Modi came to power, has been
promoting modern education and developing scientific temperament in madrasas
with the introduction of science, computers, mathematics and English. __________________________________________________
(a)The effort also includes developing
multiple skills which will come in handy for Muslim students when they get into
the job market.
(b)The idea is to encourage transparency
and isolate the fly-by-night operators.
(c)We should not give the impression to
the world that we have not moved on from the time we collectively opposed the
introduction of English and abstained from learning it for decades, arguing it
was the language of the infidels.
(d)The “saviours of Muslims” in the
community need to stand up and be counted.
(e)The madrasas need to catch up with
the national curriculum.
Q3. Has any decision-maker in the
capital understood the full consequences of declaring its air a “national
emergency”? Visitors — whether on business or diplomats — will think three
times before visiting Delhi this winter. One has only to recall that it was
estimated that when President Obama visited for the Republic Day parade in 2015
he may have lost six hours of his life by spending three days in the capital.
The US Embassy imported 1,800 air purifiers for his entourage.
_______________________________________________
(a)What’s more, it’s virtually a no-cost
solution.
(b)Certain causes, like the burning of
farm residue require a carrot and stick approach to encourage farmers to
recycle crop waste rather than burn it.
(c)Beijing, which was previously the
black sheep of the world’s urban air contamination, recorded 53 micrograms.
(d)Children can’t attend school or play
outside, and this has made Delhi the air pollution pariah of the world.
(e)Indeed, a rule of thumb for any
transport infrastructure scheme, whether in cities or outside them, should be
that they can be permitted only if half the users constitute the public.
Q4. Ms. Patel was a prominent face of
the British-India relationship — being awarded the Pravasi Bharatiya Samman
earlier this year and often speaking publicly in support of the Indian
government’s policies, such as demonetisation. But her departure is unlikely to
have a major impact on things, given the broad-based nature of the engagement
across departments. _________________________________________. They include
Foreign and Commonwealth Office Minister Mark Field, whose efforts to encourage
the BJP to join the International Democratic Union, a global alliance of
centre-right parties, predated his time as minister for Asia.
(a)The fact that she was allowed to
resign rather than be fired is significant too
(b)Others have suggested it represented
part of a far more widely backed but behind the scenes shift in British foreign
policy.
(c)It is notable that her replacement as
Development Minister, Penny Mordaunt, was also a strong Leave campaigner.
(d)Meanwhile, the First Secretary of
State, Damian Green, is facing a parliamentary inquiry over conduct
allegations.
(e)Others within the Conservative Party
have also been championing close relations with India, and the Bharatiya Janata
Party (BJP) in particular.
Q5. Though India is not on the
president’s Asia itinerary, the nomenclature alone—Indo-Pacific rather than
Asia-Pacific—suggests that New Delhi stands rightly to play a central part in
the Trump administration’s larger Asia strategy. With long-standing allies like
Japan, South Korea and Australia, India offers democratic and economic ballast
to deal with the rise of China’s power.
_______________________________________. For the Trump team to succeed with the
ambition of building a network of Asian partners which share our values,
including India, the White House will need to corral its economic policies to
match its strategic pursuits.
(a)Sadly, US economic policy appears
disconnected from the administration’s broader strategic goal.
(b)To elevate India’s role, make it a
full partner in our Asian network, and enhance Washington’s relations with New
Delhi, the administration should help India gain a seat at the tables from
which it is absent.
(c)Asia’s third largest economy deserves
to have a seat at the table, and it will help India to be more embedded in the
premier regime focused on free and open trade in Asia.
(d)At a time when China has emerged as
the most powerful economic partner to virtually every country in Asia,
including South Asia, we must have a stable strategic and non-contentious
relationship with India.
(e)The Commerce Department’s technical
discussion with India on standards marks a great step in that direction.
Direction (6): There are four sentences given in the following question. Find the
sentence(s) which is/are grammatically correct and mark your answer choosing
the best possible alternative among the five options given below each question.
If all sentences are correct, choose (e) as your answer.
Q6. (I)Having trimmed China’s ideological
sails to the winds of change, Xi Jinping has rather calculatedly deviated from
Mao Zedong’s thesis that “a revolution is not a dinner party”.
(II)While the US government has formally
given notice of its intention to withdraw from the PA, they are still in the
UNFCCC and their withdrawal from the PA will take two years to come into force.
(III)The evolution of resistant strains
is a natural phenomenon and this is accelerated by the selective pressure
exerted by widespread, indiscriminate and irrational uses of antibacterial
drugs.
(IV)Air purifier manufacturers are
witnessing a spike in sales in the Capital and adjoining areas as consumers
resort to panic buying with air pollution in Delhi-NCR breaching the critical
limit, even as doctors doubt efficacy of such products.
(a)Only (I) is correct
(b)Only (IV) is correct
(c)Both (I) and (II) are correct
(d)Only (I), (III) and (IV) are correct
(e)All are correct
Direction (7): The following question consists of a sentence which is divided into
three parts which contain grammatical errors in one or more than one part of
the sentence, as specified in bold in each part. If there is an error in any
part of the sentence, find the correct alternatives to replace those parts from
the three options given below each question to make the sentence grammatically
correct. If the given sentence is grammatically correct or does not require any
correction, choose (e), i.e., “No correction required” as your answer.
Q7. Air quality in Delhi-NCR is at the seasons’ worst for the last
couple of days (I)/as a combined effect of smoke from stubble burning and
moisture is turning the region (II)/into a “gas chamber” to gasp the people. (III)
(I)has been at the seasons’ worst
(II)turned the region
(III)leaving people gasping
(a)Only (I)
(b)Only (III)
(c)Both (I) and (III)
(d)All (I), (II) and (III)
(e)No correction required
Direction (8): In the question given below, there are four sentences. Choose the
sentence which is grammatically incorrect as your answer. If all the given
sentences are grammatically correct and do not require any correction, choose
(e) i.e. “All are correct” as your answer.
Q8. (a) The essence of the problems is
that microbial drugs themselves fail to discriminate between harmful bacteria
and beneficial bacteria.
(b)Non-therapeutic uses of antibiotics
act as growth promoters as they kill microbes in the intestine and thus help
absorb feed nutrients better, resulting in weight gain.
(c)Although Article 19 of the
Constitution provides to all citizens freedom of speech and expression, nothing
explicitly guarantees freedom of the press and not much has changed since
colonial rule.
(d)We know from contemporary experience
as much as from history that crime and punishment may be associative concepts
but is not necessarily in a cause and effect relationship.
(e)All are correct.
Direction (9): There are three sentences given in the following question. Find the
sentence(s) which is/are grammatically correct and mark your answer choosing
the best possible alternative among the five options given below each question.
If all the sentences are correct, choose (e) as your answer.
Q9. (I)Logistics is the mainstay of any
economy and a vital driver of economic progress as it encompasses the
management of flow of goods from the place of initiation to the place of
consumption.
(II)Although air is the fastest
transportation mode, it continues to have a diminutive share in the
transportation pie and has insufficient connectivity and lack of cargo
terminals.
(III)For improving storing facilities,
decreasing transportation overheads and boosting efficacy of complete logistics
set-up, multimodal logistic parks should be developed and unified throughout
the country with focus on last mile connectivity.
(a)Only (II) is correct
(b)Only (III) is correct
(c)Both (I) and (II) are correct
(d)Both (I) and (III) are correct
(e)All are correct
Direction (10): Rearrange the following sentences to form a meaningful paragraph and
then answer the questions that follow.
Q10. If the sentence (A), “In finance,
what is ‘pull to par’?” is the first sentence of the paragraph, then what is
the sequence of other sentences after rearrangement?
(A)In finance, what is ‘pull to par’?
(B)If the buyer had purchased the bond
at a discount, the price of the bond begins to increase towards its face value
as the time left for its maturity decreases.
(C)Pull to par happens because any
financial security is priced based on the potential future cash flow that it
can provide its owner combined with the amount of time that the investor must
wait before receiving the cash.
(D)This refers to the tendency of the
price of a bond in financial markets to converge towards its face value as the
bond nears its maturity.
(E)In the case of a bond bought at a
premium, its price begins to decrease towards its face value as its time to
maturity decreases every day.
(a)BEDC
(b)EBDC
(c)DCBE
(d)DCEB
(e)DBCE
Directions (11-15): Five statements are
given below, labelled a, b, c, d and e. Among these, four statements are in
logical order and form a coherent paragraph. From the given options, choose the
option that does not fit into the theme of the paragraph.
Q11.
(a) The broad mechanism is akin to
China’s own build-up of the BRI initiative.
(b) China spent over a decade building
capacities independently in its areas of interest .
(c) For instance, it built a series of
dual-use facilities across the Indian Ocean surrounding India which is
popularly referred to as its ‘string of pearls’ strategy.
(d) All such efforts have now been
consolidated under its grandiose idea of BRI.
(e) The broader attempt is to
institutionalize this into a structured trilateral format, and possibly a
quadrilateral one at a later stage.
Q12.
(a) This seems to be a criticism
that verges on curbing creative freedom.
(b)While there is far more freedom on
social media than in print, there is also considerable danger for a careless
cartoonist, and rightfully so.
(c)The comments and retorts, criticism
both constructive and mindless, are immediate.
(d)Posting cartoons directly on social
media is a different, and new kettle of fish.
(e)The followers need not necessarily be kind
and appreciative. It is a free-for-all situation. No holds barred.
Q13.
(a) Perhaps it is best to begin by
making a distinction between toleration as an attitude of individuals and
toleration as a social practice.
(b)Toleration exists in a society where
it is a prized personal attribute, a virtue.
(c) Toleration is an attitude of forbearance
preceded by psychological turbulence and anxiety
(d)It is increasingly felt by many that
we are moving towards a fiercely conflict-ridden world in which toleration is
needed badly. But what does toleration mean?
(e)But it is also present where
persecution, violent confrontation or bloodshed have somehow been kept at
bay.
Q14.
(a)
Initially wary of accommodating regional demands, primarily owing to the
bitter experience of Partition,
(b) A multi-ethnic polity sharply
polarised along linguistic, religious and caste lines, India is no stranger to
subnationalist impulses.
(c) Telugu-speaking areas coalesced into
Andhra Pradesh, Malayali-speaking areas into Kerala, Kannada-speaking areas
into Karnataka, etc. in the 1950s.
(d) One only needs to flip the pages of
history to realise how nationalism, by its very nature, has the idea of
exclusion built into it.
(e) India’s central leadership embarked
on an audacious project to reconfigure the country’s political map based on
linguistic criteria:
Q15.
(a)Once a transaction is entered in the blockchain,
it cannot be erased or modified.
(b)Simply put, it is a digital public
ledger that records every transaction.
(c)Blockchain removes the need for using a
trusted third party such as a bank to make a transaction by directly connecting
the customers and suppliers.
(d)Blockchain is the backbone technology
on which bitcoins run.
(e) Blockchain is not a panacea, but a
system of efficiency that is faster than siloed technologies like customer
relationship management.
SOLUTIONS:
S1. Ans. (b)
Sol. The given paragraph is about the
aftermath of the demonitisation. Among the given options, there is only
sentence (b) that fits perfectly into the blank space. The sentence adds
meaning to the paragraph and at the same time it correctly follows the first
sentence of the paragraph. Other options are irrelevant in the context of the
paragraph. Hence (b) is the correct choice.
S2. Ans. (a)
Sol. The given paragraph is about the
decision by central and state governments to introduce NCERT books in madrasas
without disrupting the religious curriculum following the Nai Manzil scheme
launched to educate and empower the Muslim youth by modernizing madrasas. Among
the given options, only statement (a) fits perfectly into the paragraph as it
continues on the same theme as the paragraph. Other options are irrelevant in
the context of the paragraph. Hence (a) is the correct choice.
S3. Ans. (d)
Sol. The given paragraph is about the
poor condition of air-quality in Delhi which is getting worse. Among the given
options, there is only sentence (d) which finds some connection with the
paragraph and at the same time it concludes the paragraph in the best manner,
adding meaning to it. Other options are not feasible enough to make the
paragraph complete and conclusive. Hence (d) is the correct choice.
S4. Ans. (e)
Sol. The paragraph is about the
departure of Ms. Patel and its impact on India’s ruling party. Among the given
options, only sentence (e) finds an appropriate alternative to fit into the
sentence perfectly. Other options are not in the context of the paragraph’s
actual subject. Hence (e) is the correct choice.
S5. Ans. (a)
Sol. The given paragraph is about the US
policies toward India and China. Among the given options, only sentence fits
perfectly into the blank space as it follows the sentence prior to the space as
well as the one following it. It brings the continuity into the meaning of the
paragraph. Other options are not relevant enough to bring about a similar
meaning to the paragraph. Hence (a) is the correct choice.
S6. Ans. (e)
Sol. All the given sentences are
grammatically correct and hence they don’t require any correction.
S7. Ans. (d)
Sol. In the first part of the sentence,
the phrase “is at the seasons’ worst” should be replaced by “has
been at the seasons’ worst” as the use of “for the last couple of days” indicates that the sentence is in
Present Perfect Continuous form. In the second part, the present form of the
phrase “is turning the region” should be replaced by its past form “turned
the region” as it is clearly mentioned that the sentence is depicting
the action of the past [for the last
couple of days]. In the third part of the sentence the phrase “to
gasp the people” is totally irrelevant and meaningless; it should be
replaced by the correct phrase “leaving people gasping” to make the
sentence grammatically correct. Thus all the three parts of the sentence
require corrections in their bold parts. Hence (d) is the correct choice.
S8. Ans. (d)
Sol. There is a grammatical error in the
sentence (d), the singular verb “is” should be replaced by its plural
form “are” as it refers to more
than one subject i.e. “crime and
punishment.” The other sentences are
grammatically correct. Hence (d) is the correct choice.
S9. (e)
Sol. All the given sentences are
grammatically correct. Hence (e) is the correct choice.
S10. Ans. (c)
Sol. If (A) is the first sentence, the
correct sequence of other sentences after rearrangement should be DCBE. As the first sentence is
interrogative, the second statement should answer the same which could be found
in the sentence (D). The other sentences in the sequence of (C), (B) and (E)
follow one another to make a complete paragraph. Thus sentences in the sequence
of ADCBE form a coherent paragraph
which is about the expression and definition of the term “pull to par.” Hence (c)
is the correct choice.
S11. Ans.(e)
Sol. Option (e) is the correct choice as
it is not a part of the coherent paragraph. Other statements are forming a
coherent paragraph with their sequence being abcd. The hint is the word ‘trilateral’ as there isn’t any specific
mention of the 3rd country. The other reason is that it doesn’t fit
into the sequence and even after being a part of the same article; it is
prohibited from being a part of the paragraph due to its context.
S12. Ans.(a)
Sol. The coherent paragraph is the
observation of an expert where he explained the ills of posting something
directly on social media without going through the processes of editorial
judgment as a vital lesson to young angry activists who have embraced
cyberspace not only to vent their anger but also to galvanise people
Option (a) is the correct choice as it
is not a part of the coherent paragraph as it is an opinion of the other expert
and is contradictory to the theme of the coherent paragraph as according to
him, Cartoons need breathing space and leeway to retain a sense of humour while
delivering a political opinion and option (a) is one of the sentences which
conforms to his view. Other statements are a part of the coherent paragraph with their sequence
being dceb.
S13. Ans.(c)
Sol.
Option (c) is not the part of the
coherent paragraph. By looking at all the sentences we can easily figure out
that option (d) is the 1st sentence of the paragraph. The next can
be either (c) or (a) but by looking at the options (b) and (e) we can infer
that these are the statements which must come next after (a) as both the
statements are mentioning the subjects which are being talked about in option
(a). Option (c) feels abrupt and can’t fit into the paragraph and hence is the
correct choice.
S14. Ans.(d)
Sol. Option (d) is the correct choice
for the given question. Other options make a coherent paragraph with their
sequence being baec. The theme of
the paragraph is the country’s political map based on linguistic criteria but
option (d) is not in harmony with the theme of the passage.
S15. Ans.(e)
Sol.
Option (e) is the correct choice. The hint is the use of the word ‘panacea’ which means a solution or
remedy for all difficulties or diseases. The paragraph is introducing us with
the concept of blockchain but option (e) is not in agreement with the theme of
paragraph and is introducing new topics. The other options make a coherent
paragraph with their sequence being dbac.
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