TOPIC: Miscellaneous
Directions
(1–5):
Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it.
Certain words/phrases have been printed in bold to help you locate them while
answering some of the questions.
Those examples
of poetic justice that occur in medieval and Elizabethan literature, and that
seem so satisfying, have encouraged a whole school of twentieth-century
scholars to “find” further examples. In fact, these scholars have
merely forced victimized character into a moral framework by which the
injustices inflicted on them are, somehow or other, justified. Such scholars
deny that the sufferers in a tragedy are innocent; they blame the victims
themselves for their tragic fates. Any misdoing is enough to subject a
character to critical whips. Thus, there are long essays about the misdemeanors
of Webster’s Duchess of Malfi, who defined her brothers, and the behavior of
Shakespeare’s Desdemona, who disobeyed her father.
Yet it should
be remembered that the Renaissance writer Matteo Bandello strongly protests the
injustice of the severe penalties issued to women for acts of disobedience that
men could, and did, commit with virtual impunity. And Shakespeare, Chaucer, and
Webster often enlist their readers on the side of their tragic heroines by
describing injustices so cruel that readers cannot but join in protest. By
portraying Griselda, in the Clerk’s Tale, as a meek, gentle victim who does not
criticize, much less rebel against the prosecutor, her husband Walter, Chaucer
incites readers to espouse Griselda’s cause against Walter’s oppression.
Thus, efforts to supply historical and theological rationalization for Walter’s
persecutions tend to turn Chaucer’s fable upside down, to deny its most obvious
effect on reader’s sympathies.
Similarly,
to assert that Webster’s Duchess deserved torture and death because she chose
to marry the man she loved and to bear their children is, in effect to join
forces with her tyrannical brothers, and so to confound the operation of
poetic justice, of which readers should approve, with precisely those examples
of social injustice that Webster does everything in his power to make readers
condemn. Indeed. Webster has his heroin so heroically lead the resistance to
tyranny that she may well inspire members of the audience to imaginatively join
forces with her against the cruelty and hypocritical morality of her brothers.
Thus Chaucer and Webster, in their different ways, attack injustice, argue on
behalf of the victims, and prosecute the persecutors. Their readers
serve them as a court of appeal that remains free to rule, as the evidence
requires, and as common humanity requires, in favour of the innocent and
injured parties. For, to paraphrase the noted eighteenth-century scholar,
Samuel Johnson, despite all the refinements of subtlety and the dogmatism of
learning, it is by the common sense and compassion of readers who are
uncorrupted by the characters and situations in medieval and Elizabethan
literature, as in any other literature, can best be judged.
Q1.According to the passage, some twentieth-century
scholars have written at length about
(a)Walter’s persecution of his wife in Chaucer’s the
Clerk’s Tale
(b)the Duchess of Malfi’s love for her husband
(c)the tyrannical behaviour of the Duchess of Malfi’s
brothers
(d)the actions taken by Shakespeare’s Desdemona
(e)the injustices suffered by Chaucer’s Griselda
Q2.The primary purpose of the passage is to
(a)describe the role of the tragic heroine in medieval
and Elizabethan literature
(b)resolve a controversy over the meaning of “poetic
justice” as it is discussed in certain medieval and Elizabethan literary
treatises
(c)present evidence to support the view that characters
in medieval and Elizabethan tragedies are to blame for their fates
(d)assert that it is impossible for twentieth-century
readers to fully comprehend the characters and situations in medieval and
Elizabethan literary works
(e)argue that some twentieth-century scholars have
misapplied the concept of “poetic justice” in analyzing certain
medieval and Elizabethan literary works.
Q3.It can be inferred from the passage that the author
consider Chaucer’s Grisselda to be
(a)an innocent victim
(b)a sympathetic judge
(c)an imprudent person
(d)a strong individual
(e)a rebellious daughters
Q4.The author’s tone in her discussion of the conclusions
reached by the “school of twentieth-century scholars” (written in
line 4) is best described as
(a)plaintive
(b)philosophical
(c)disparaging
(d)apologetic
(e)enthusiastic
Q5.It can be inferred from the passage that the author
believes that most people respond to intended instances of poetic justice in
medieval and Elizabethan literature with
(a)annoyance
(b)disapproval
(c)indifference
(d)amusement
(e)gratification
Directions
(6-10): Rearrange the following six sentences (A), (B), (C), (D), (E), and (F)
in the proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph and then answer the
questions given below.
A. Depression is possible and if they don’t get enough exercise,
obesity is also on the cards.
B. A lot of people keep dogs tied all day.
C. They could exhibit other behavioural disorders such as chewing
on their own leg or licking themselves constantly out of boredom, causing skin
problems.
D.
The other major risk is exposure to the elements for example, when they are
tied in direct sunlight; they are at risk of dehydration and heat stroke.
E.
Habitual tying is never a good thing.
F.
This causes behavioural issues – they might start to become excessively
vociferous or aggressive.
Q6.
Which of the following would be the FOURTH
sentence after rearrangement ?
(a)
E
(b)
D
(c)
C
(d)
A
(e)
F
Q7.
Which of the following would be the FIRST
sentence after rearrangement ?
(a)
C
(b)
A
(c)
D
(d)
B
(e)
E
Q8.
Which of the following would be the THIRD
sentence after rearrangement ?
(a)
F
(b)
C
(c)
E
(d)
B
(e)
D
Q9.
Which of the following would be the FIFTH
sentence after rearrangement ?
(a)
C
(b)
A
(c)
B
(d)
D
(e)
F
Q10.
Which of the following would be the SECOND
sentence after rearrangement ?
(a)
D
(b)
E
(c)
F
(d)
B
(e)
C
Directions (11-15): In the following
questions, a sentence has been given with some of its parts in bold. To make
the sentence grammatically correct, you have to replace the bold part with the
correct alternative given below. If the sentence is correct as it is, give (e)
as your answer (i.e. No correction required).
Q11. Even less intelligent students can be succeeded through
hard work and perseverance.
(a) get succession
(b) be successfully
(c) get success
(d) be getting succeeded
(e) No correction required
Q12. Rahul as well as his friends talk more then others.
(a) talk more than
(b) has been talking much more
than
(c) talks more than
(d) have talked
(e) No correction required
Q13. Being a man of principle, he refused to follow the illegitimate
instructions.
(a) following the illegitimate
(b) to following the
illegitimately
(c) to follow the
illegitimately
(d) Not to follow the
illegitimately
(e) No correction required
Q14. The active learning of adulthood is not only possible but
infinitely and desirable.
(a) only possible but also
infinitely
(b) only possible but also
infinite and
(c) possible only if infinite
and
(d) only possible but
infinitely
(e) No correction required
Q15. The teacher asked the intruder who was he and why was he occupying his chair.
(a) who he was and why he was
(b) who he was and why was he
(c) who he had been and why he had been
(d) who is he and why he is
(e) No improvement
SOLUTIONS:
S1. Ans.(d)
Sol. The answer lies in the last line of the first
paragraph “Thus, there are long essays about the misdemeanors of
Webster’s Duchess of Malfi, who defined her brothers, and the behavior of
Shakespeare’s Desdemona, who disobeyed her father.”
S2. Ans.(e)
Sol. In the passage the author argue
that some twentieth-century scholars have misapplied the concept of
“poetic justice” in analyzing certain medieval and Elizabethan
literary works.
S3. Ans.(a)
Sol. Refer to the third sentence of the second
paragraph “By portraying
Griselda, in the Clerk’s Tale, as a meek, gentle victim who does not criticize,
much less rebel against the prosecutor, her husband Walter, Chaucer incites
readers to espouse Griselda’s cause against Walter’s oppression.” Hence
option (a)is correct.
S4. Ans.(c)
Sol. The author is critical about the conclusions
reached by the “school of twentieth-century scholars” .Therefore option (c) is
true.
S5. Ans.(e)
Sol. The answer can be concluded from the second
last sentence of the last paragraph “Their readers serve them
as a court of appeal that remains free to rule, as the evidence requires, and
as common humanity requires, in favour of the innocent and injured parties.” So the reader respond the literature with gratification.
For
questions (6- 10): The proper sequence of sentences to form a meaningful
paragraph will be EBFCAD
S6.
Ans.(c)
S7.
Ans.(e)
S8.
Ans.(a)
S9.
Ans.(b)
S10.
Ans.(d)
S11. Ans.(c)
Sol. Possibility
which is strong and gives the sense of ability must be conveyed by the use of
‘can’. So, (c) is appropriate.
S12. Ans.(c)
Sol. In sentences
with structure ‘sub’ + as well as + ‘sub’, the verb which follows depends on
the number of subject which is used before ‘as well as’. Since, Rahul is
singular, verb used should also be singular hence either (b) or (c) is the
correct option. But, since, the question doesn’t show a point or period of
time, we are left with (c) which is the correct option.
S13. Ans.(e)
Sol. No correction
required
S14. Ans.(a)
Sol. ‘not only’ is
used with ‘but also’ so either (a) or (b) is the correct option. Now this
sentence has the structure ‘adverb (infinitely) + adjective (desirable)’ so the
usage of ‘and’ is superfluous. Hence, (a) is the correct option.
S15.
Ans.(a)
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