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SBI PO Mains English Language Quiz- 14th July 2019

SBI-PO-Main-English-Language-Quiz-13th-July-2019

SBI PO Main- English Miscellaneous Quiz

Students gave the SBI PO preliminary examinations with great enthusiasm and now are preparing for the mains, whose date is already scheduled for 20 July this year. Here is a quiz on the English Language, provided by Adda247 for free so that you can practice the best of the latest pattern of English Questions for SBI PO Examination 2019-20. With this, we wish you all the very best for the results of prelims. Keep the preparation engines running.



Directions (1-8): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words are given in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.
Viability of solar power projects in India has become a serious cause for concern. The recent decision of the Supreme Court not to allow a revision of the tariff charged by Tata Power Co. Ltd and Adani Power Ltd for their 4,000MW (megawatt) and 4,620MW Mundra ultra-mega power projects (UMPPs) based on Indonesian coal has added to the woes.

In 2006, it was decided to build UMPPs to take care of India’s crippling power woes. The allocation process was through a reverse tariff competitive bidding process, and the bid tariff was as low as Rs1.19 and Rs2.26 for domestic and imported coal-based UMPPs. But all these years later, only a few of them have been commissioned. One of the reasons for the failure of UMPPs was that when the bids were submitted, coal prices were very low. Subsequently, prices went up, making the projects unviable. The astonishing fact is that contrary to both common sense and international best practice, power purchase agreements (PPAs) with tenures of 25 years were written without a provision for a revision of terms.
The power purchase agreements are for fixed terms (25 years) without any escalation clause, even though there are many recurring expenses over this period. Subsequently, after failing to keep up with the changing market trends, projects become unviable for the operators. Internationally, levelized cost of electricity for solar is around Rs9/kWh while that for coal is approximately Rs4.8/kWh. An expert elicitation survey on solar technologies predicted that by increasing research and development funding by 50%, the cost of solar would come down to Rs4.45/kWh by 2030. From these studies, it is difficult to justify why the solar bid prices in India are so low. Bids in India have gone as low as Rs3.15/kWh. India’s solar programme is heavily dependent on imported solar cells and modules, mainly from China. In 2015-16, India had imported $2,34 billion worth of cells out of which 83.61% were from China. China uses predatory pricing and dumps cheap thin film solar cells to capture the Indian market in the absence of any anti-dumping duty imposed by India. India also lacks a robust manufacturing base for solar components and systems. It also does not have any infrastructure for raw material production. The increased reliance on thin film technologies has augmented the dependence on specific elements like “rare earth” metals in which China has a near monopoly. Under such circumstances, Indian solar project developers may find their projects unviable in the event of currency fluctuations or changes in China’s policy on solar cell and module exports. For both coal and solar power projects, the auction format used for reverse bidding is that of a sealed bid first price auction. The theory of auctions suggests that the use of a sealed bid auction format can lead to a winner’s curse in industries characterized by high uncertainty, or projects with very high time durations. Winning bidders can end up regretting their aggressive bids.
To end the uncertainty in bidding process, the solution is to go for a dynamic auction format where bidders can start from a maximum tariff and go downwards, after observing the pattern of bidding by others. This allows market information to become public, and reduces uncertainty for bidders.
The other way of reducing uncertainty is to adopt a counter-cyclical policy of tendering projects. The global commodities boom of the 2000s led to a bull market for power projects. Companies raised debt capital, mainly from public sector banks at concessional terms, and external commercial entities, on risky terms, to finance power sector projects that were being tendered out by the government. This is an important cause of the current non-performing assets crisis. Instead of riding the global commodities boom by encouraging public sector banks to lend to private companies, and giving project clearances, the government should be a restraining influence in such circumstances. Better governance of public sector banks is urgently needed. There should also be a clause for periodic review of power purchase agreements. Even if they are for fixed term, there should be escalation clause.
In the absence of such measures, despite our best intentions, the experience of thermal power will only be repeated in our solar mission. For government to achieve its ambitious goal of adding 60GW (gigawatt) of medium- and large-scale grid-connected power plants out of a total capacity addition of 100GW by 2022, a careful and informed policy is necessary.

Q1. According to the passage, what challenge(s) is/are being faced by solar sector in India?
Power Purchase agreement is only for fixed term.
Dependence on China for specific elements.
Low solar bid prices
Lack of manufacturing base for solar components and systems.
All of the above
Solution:
Refer to the third paragraph of the passage, all the given points are mentioned there. Hence (e) is the correct option.

Q2. According to the passage, what needs to be done to improve the solar sector in India? 

(i) Dependence on China for raw materials should be minimized. 



(ii) Power Purchase agreement should have escalation clause, even if they are for fixed term. 


(iii) Adopting a counter cyclical policy of tendering projects


Only (i) is true
Only (ii) is true
Both (i) and (ii) are true
Both (ii) and (iii) are true
All are true
Solution:
Refer to the fourth paragraph of the passage. “There should also be a clause for periodic review of power purchase agreements. Even if they are for fixed term, there should be escalation clause.” “The other way of reducing uncertainty is to adopt a counter-cyclical policy of tendering projects.”
Q3. Which of the following is the most appropriate title of the passage?
The challenges in solar sector.
India’s solar mission and its debt problems.
The counter-cyclical policy in solar project.
The power purchase agreement and escalation clause.
The Ultra Mega power projects in India.
Solution:
The most appropriate title is “India’s solar mission and its debt problems”. The author here talks about the solar mission in India and the challenges related to it being faced by India.
Q4. Which of the following is false in context of the passage?
There is a need of governance of public sector banks.
Winning bidders can end up regretting their aggressive bids.
Developers of India’s solar project may find their projects unviable during currency fluctuations.
The allocation of solar power project was through a reverse tariff competitive bidding process.
All are true.
Solution:
All the given sentences are true in context of the passage.

Q5. According to the passage, what is/are the reason(s) for infeasibility of Ultra mega power project? 

(i) Dependence on imported solar cells and modules. 



(ii) Due to successive hike in coal prices after bidding. 


(iii) Due to non-reviewing of power purchase agreement periodically.


Only (i) is true
Only (ii) is true
Both (i) and (iii) are true
Both (ii) and (iii)
All are true
Solution:
Refer to the second paragraph of the passage, “One of the reasons for the failure of UMPPs was that when the bids were submitted, coal prices were very low. Subsequently, prices went up, making the projects unviable.” Hence only (ii) is the correct reason in context of the passage.
Q6. Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaning to the word/group of words printed in bold as used in passage.

Woes
cannonade
torment
wham
trestle
lintel
Solution:
Woes means
distress. Hence it has same meaning as torment.
Wham means
strike something forcefully.
Trestle, lintel means a supporting system.
Cannonade means attack.

Q7. Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaning to the word/group of words printed in bold as used in passage

Predatory



parlay
raze
curtail
avaricious
embellish
Solution:
Predatory means
seeking to exploit others. Hence it has same meaning as avaricious.
Parlay means
negotiation.
Raze means
destroy.
Avaricious means
greedy or acquisitive.
Embellish means decorate
Q8. Choose the word/group of words which is most opposite in meaning to the word/group of words printed in bold as used in passage.

Elicitation
evocation
defiance
expatiate
adorn
curtail
Solution:
Elicitation means
‘requirement gathering’. It has opposite meaning to ‘defiance’.
Evocation means the
action of invoking.
Expatiate meaning
speak or write in detail.
Curtail means reduce or decrease.

Directions (9-13): In each of the following sentence there are three blank spaces. Below each sentence there are five options and each option consists of three words which can be filled up in the blanks in the sentence to make the sentence meaningful and grammatically correct. 

Q9. As Prime Minister Narendra Modi travels through Sri Lanka for the UN Vesak Day celebrations, he will speak and hear much about the teachings of the world’s greatest ____________, Gautama Buddha. He is also certain to be mindful of Sri Lanka’s _______________with war, victory, militarism, the challenges of conflict resolution, and getting to peace and______________.



peaceful, ignorance, settlement
antagonistic, undergo, agreement
nonviolent, encounter, estrangement
pacifist, experience, reconciliation
conciliatory, unfamiliarity, harmony
Solution:
Antagonistic means
unsympathetic.
Estrangement means
disaffection.
Conciliatory means pacific or peaceful.
Q10. Most Tamil parents wanted their children to study and become civil servants, and even in the worst of times, _____________many difficulties to ensure that their sons and daughters attended school. ___________Tamil parents sat on dharna outside militant camps where their children had been________________.
undergo, Ecstatic, recruited
underwent, wailing, conscripted
ignored, lamenting, levied
experienced, mourning, discharged
abided by, cheering, allocated
Solution:
Conscripted means recruited.
Q11. Rivers, it seems, have gone out of the lives of large numbers of people in India, in cities surely. They do become part of public_________________, but only as items of disputes between riparian states, or as beneficiaries — or victims — of large projects or when they go into _______________and cause havoc, sometimes even when they run dry. But the river as a part of people’s day-to-day experiences is________________ a matter of public conversation.
ignorance, deluge, hardly
speech, shortage, seldom
discourse, spate, rarely
sermon, paucity, scracely
talk, inundation, frequently
Solution:
Spate means a
sudden flood in a river.
Paucity means present in small amount.
Q12. The Ganga is one such sorry ____________ of garbage. Over the three decades, much money has gone into cleaning this cesspool: More than Rs 1,800 crore under the Ganga Action Plan in its various avatars. The current government ________________ to spend more than 10 times this amount: Rs 20,000 crore over five years on the Namami Gange Project. But the project that took off last year is ________________on its predecessor in very few respects.
holder, aspires, weakening
receptacle, intends, improvement
container, expects, deterioration
chest, ignore, progress
repository, neglect, enhancement
Solution:
Receptacle means container that is used to put or keep the things in
Q13. The policy to implement legislation for the ______________of generic drugs by doctors is a good move, no doubt. But the _______________shown by the government in bringing this measure is odd and populist. It is extremely important to reduce the ________________of health-related costs on common people.

prescription, haste, burden
medication, delay, load
recipe, hurry, comfort
interdiction, bustle, strain
avoidance, alacrity, trouble
Solution:
Interdiction means
action of prohibiting something.
Alacrity means
eagerness.
Haste means excessive speed or urgency of movement or
action; hurry
.

Directions (14-15): In each of the following questions, there are two phrases/group of words marked in bold which are either grammatically incorrect or not in formation with the correct sentence structure. Choose the best alternative among the four options given below each question to replace these two phrases to make the sentence meaningful and grammatically correct. In case both the phrases are correct, choose (e) i.e. ‘No correction required’ as your answer. 

Q14. The challenge will likely be more stubborn over the circumstances in the ongoing Fourth Industrial Revolution that has already fundamentally changed the way people live, work and connect to each other by eliminating physical boundaries and overcoming technology limitations.



given the circumstances, which has already changed fundamentally
after the circumstances like, which is changing fundamentally
under the circumstances of, that is already fundamentally changing
considering circumstance of, that has been fundamentally changing
No correction required.
Solution:
under the circumstances of, that is already fundamentally changing” makes the sentence grammatically correct. The phrase “under the circumstances” means “given the difficult nature of the situation”.
Q15. One might argue that the figures of job loss in ASEAN, which comprises only ten Asian countries, are not sufficiently persuasive and representative to prove that developing Asian countries would probably be more negatively affected by Revolution 4.0.
comprising of, will probably be more
consisting, could be probably more
which comprised of, may probably be more
that consist of, are probably more
No correction required.
Solution:
The given sentence does not require any correction. It is grammatically correct.
               

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