English Quiz for IBPS PO Mains: 28th October 2019

Directions (1-5): There are some statements in question given below which when connected using the correct sentence structure and sequence forms a complete single sentence without altering the meaning of the sentences given in the question. There are four options given below the question, choose the sentence that forms the correct formation of single sentence which is both grammatically correct and contextually meaningful. If none follows, choose (e) as your answer.

Q1. The official machinery required to enforce legal provisions vigorously; the infrastructure to manage waste scientifically are inadequate; makes it unlikely that there will be significant public health outcomes; flowing from high-profile cleaning campaigns;
(a) The official machinery required to enforce legal provisions vigorously, and the infrastructure to manage waste scientifically are inadequate, making it unlikely that there will be significant public health outcomes flowing from high-profile cleaning campaigns.
(b) The official machinery required to enforce legal provisions vigorously or the infrastructure to manage waste scientifically are inadequate to making it unlikely that there will be significant public health outcomes flowing from high-profile cleaning campaigns.
(c) The official machinery required to enforce legal provisions vigorously in the infrastructure to manage waste scientifically are inadequate, made it unlikely that there will be significant public health outcomes flowing from high-profile cleaning campaigns.
(d) The official machinery requiring enforcing legal provisions vigorously, while the infrastructure to manage waste scientifically are inadequate to making it unlikely that there will be significant public health outcomes flowing from high-profile cleaning campaigns.
(e) None of these

Q2. In addition to the inflationary considerations; there has been a recent 13% weakening in the Indian rupee ; in against of the US dollar has been significantly sharp; it has become a critical consideration of monetary policy management;
(a) There has been a recent 13% weakening in the Indian rupee in addition to the inflationary considerations against the US dollar has been significantly sharp which has become a critical consideration of monetary policy management.
(b) In addition to the inflationary considerations it has become a critical consideration of monetary policy management when a recent 13% weakening in the Indian rupee in against of the US dollar has been significantly sharp.
(c) It is a critical consideration of monetary policy management in addition to the inflationary considerations that there has been a recent 13% weakening in the Indian rupee in against of the US dollar has been significantly sharp.
(d) In addition to just the inflationary considerations, the recent 13% weakening in the Indian rupee against the US dollar has been significantly sharp and has become a critical consideration of monetary policy management.
(e) None of these

Q3. The provisional agriculture census 2015-16; showed that landholdings have continued their decades-long trend of fragmentation; leading to a further rise; in the proportion of small and marginal farmers;
(a) Leading to a further rise in the proportion of small and marginal farmers , the provisional agriculture census 2015-16 showing that landholdings have continues their decades-long trend of fragmentation.
(b) Showing that the landholdings have continued their decades-long trend of fragmentation which lead to a further rise in the proportion of small and marginal farmers within the provisional agriculture census 2015-16.
(c)The provisional agriculture census 2015-16 showed that landholdings have continued their decades-long trend of fragmentation, leading to a further rise in the proportion of small and marginal farmers.
(d) With the provisional agriculture census 2015-16 showing that landholdings have continued their decades-long trend of fragmentation, led to a further rise in the proportion of small and marginal farmers.
(e) None of these

Q4. The private lender has appointed Sandeep Bakhshi; the current chief operating officer ; as managing director and chief executive officer for five years; subject to regulatory approval;
(a) The private lender has appointed Sandeep Bakhshi as the managing director and chief executive officer for five years who was the current chief operating officer, subject to regulatory approval.
(b) The private lender has appointed Sandeep Bakhshi, the current chief operating officer, as managing director and chief executive officer for five years, subject to regulatory approval.
(c) The current chief operating officer Sandeep Bakhshi appointed by the private lender, subject to regulatory approval as managing director and chief executive officer for five years.
(d) As managing director and chief executive officer for five years appoints the private lender Sandeep Bakhshi the current chief operating officer, subject to regulatory approval.
(e) None of these

Q5. Air passengers will have to wait longer; a waiver on ticket cancellation fees and other rights ; the civil aviation ministry promised in a draft rights charter in May; as it has been put up for review in light of the stress in the aviation business;
(a) Air passengers will have to wait longer for a waiver on ticket cancellation fees and other rights that the civil aviation ministry promised in a draft rights charter in May as it has been put up for review in light of the stress in the aviation business.
(b) Air passengers will have to wait longer on a waiver on ticket cancellation fees and other rights with the civil aviation ministry promised in a draft rights charter in May as it has been put up for review in light of the stress in the aviation business.
(c) the civil aviation ministry promised in a draft rights charter in May as Air passengers will have to wait longer to a waiver on ticket cancellation fees and other rights as it has been put up for review in light of the stress in the aviation business.
(d) Air passengers will have to wait longer of a waiver on ticket cancellation fees and other rights with the civil aviation ministry promised in a draft rights charter in May as it has been put up for review in light of the stress in the aviation business.
(e) None of these

Directions (6-10): Answer the following questions after rearranging the following sentences into a coherent paragraph and identify the sentence that doesn’t fit into the context of the paragraph.

(A) Not surprisingly, the rupee weakened past the 74-mark to the U.S. dollar for the first time ever after the news of the RBI holding rates steady hit the markets.
(B) The consensus on the street was that the RBI would raise rates by at least 25 basis points to support the rupee, with some even predicting a hike of 50 basis points.
(C) The Reserve Bank of India pulled a surprise on the markets on Friday by keeping its benchmark interest rate unchanged at 6.5%.
(D) In 1947, the rupee-dollar rate was at Rs.3.30. The devaluation in 1966 raised it to Rs.7.50, reaching Rs.32.4 by 1995.
(E) The decision to stand pat comes even as the central bank changed its policy stance from “neutral” to “calibrated tightening”, indicating that rates could go up in the coming months.
(F) Stocks, which have been on a downtrend since September, also took a hit on Friday while bond yields fell.

Q6. Considering statement (C) “The Reserve Bank of India pulled a surprise on the markets on Friday by keeping its benchmark interest rate unchanged at 6.5%.” as the first sentence of the rearranged paragraph, then which among the following fails to become the part of the coherent paragraph?
(a) E
(b) D
(c) A
(d) B
(e) C

Q7. Considering statement (C) “The Reserve Bank of India pulled a surprise on the markets on Friday by keeping its benchmark interest rate unchanged at 6.5%.” as the first sentence of the rearranged paragraph, then which one among the following can consecutively follow the last statement after the rearrangement (excluding the incoherent one)?
(a) This decline was precipitated by a variety of factors – wars with Pakistan and China, the adoption of Five Year Plans requiring foreign loans, political instability and the Oil Price Shock of 1973.
(b) For now, the RBI seems to prefer piecemeal measures, such as easing foreign investment norms and mild intervention in the forex market, to address the financial risks posed by the weakening rupee.
(c) The prizes reaffirm the importance of the concept of evolution in our understanding of life as among the most profound of forces we are exposed to.
(d) What is obvious is that, through its surprise decision, the RBI has chosen to stick to its primary mandate of keeping domestic inflation just around 4%, notwithstanding other risks facing the economy.
(e) The ongoing U.S.-China trade war, Iran sanctions and further upward movement in oil prices will continue to test the rupee’s valuation.

Q8. Among the following pairs which one of them is formed with two consecutive statements after the rearrangement?
(a) C-A
(b) B-F
(c) E-B
(d) E-A
(e) C-F

Q9. Considering statement (C) “The Reserve Bank of India pulled a surprise on the markets on Friday by keeping its benchmark interest rate unchanged at 6.5%.” as the first sentence of the rearranged paragraph, identify the correct sequence of the sentences to form a coherent paragraph (excluding the incoherent one).
(a) CEBAF
(b) CBADE
(c) CDBAF
(d) CEDAF
(e) CBAEF

Q10. Considering statement (C) “The Reserve Bank of India pulled a surprise on the markets on Friday by keeping its benchmark interest rate unchanged at 6.5%.” as the first sentence of the rearranged paragraph, which of the following statement should be FOURTH sentence after the rearrangement? (excluding the incoherent sentence).
(a) B
(b) C
(c) F
(d) D
(e) A

Direction (11-15): In this question a small paragraph is given followed by three possible inferences which may or may not be correct. The question is then followed by five options. You have to choose the option that gives the best possible outcome.

Q11.A team of scientist sounds the alarm in a new Science Policy Forum report about a mysterious US government program that is developing genetically modified viruses that would be dispersed into the environment using insects. The virus-infected or ‘Frankenstein’ insects are being developed as countermeasures against potential natural and engineered threats to the US food supply. The program is operated by the Pentagon’s Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (DARPA) could be viewed as an attempt to develop an entirely new class of bioweapons that would prompt other nations to seek similar weapons, they cautioned.

(i) DARPA developing genetically modified and ‘Frankenstein’ insects would encourage development and production of bioweapons on an increased scale and at a global level.
(ii) The intention behind the development of the ‘Frankenstein’ insects is to have countermeasures against only potential natural threats to the US food supply.
(iii) Frankenstein insects could be used as a bioweapon.

(a) Only (i)
(b) Both (i) and (iii)
(c) Both (ii) and (iii)
(d) Only (iii)
(e) None of these

Q12. Globally, climate change has started to take a heavy toll. The California fires, the heat wave in Europe and Asia, and the droughts in East Africa bear testimony to this. In India, severe floods and random variations in weather have caused significant loss of life and property. All this has resulted in a flurry of activity with governments springing into action. There is a lot more awareness and intent on show with regular discussions and nations pledging to cut down on greenhouse gas emissions.
(i) The US withdrawing from the Paris agreement is one of the reasons for the increased climate-change related natural calamities.
(ii) Natural Calamities like forest fires, heat waves, etc have increased the awareness on the topic of climate change.
(iii) Regular discussions on climate change has resulted in the decrease of the Greenhouse gas emissions.

(a) Only (i)
(b) Only (ii)
(c) Only (iii)
(d) Both (ii) and (iii)
(e) None of these

Q13. A peptide from an Australian funnel-web spider, an endangered species, has been found to kill both human melanoma cells and cancerous Tasmania devil facial tumours that are threatening the survival of the humans. The research, started at Brisbane’s QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, also found that the funnel-web compound had almost no negative effects on surrounding healthy cells in either case.
(i) The anti-cancerous compound found inside the Australian funnel-web spider can help in the protection of this endangered species.
(ii) The peptide from the Australian funnel-web spider is carcinogenic.
(iii) The blood of the Australian funnel-web spider has the anti-cancerous elements.

(a) Only (i)
(b) Both (ii) and (iii)
(c) Both (i) and (iii)
(d) Only (iii)
(e) None of these

Q14. Maya Natarajan, who works in the HR department of a large IT company in Chennai, says, “Nobody has ever taken leave citing ‘mental health day’. Most of them even show up to work with a cold or fever. So, they would never take a day off with the former reason.” My personal experience attests to that. Even outside of work, in my social circle, I have had responses ranging from the truly sympathetic to the utterly bizarre. One person once even asked me why I could not just “decide to not be sad”. There is still a lack of understanding that it is so much more than just ‘feeling sad’. The reality is that depression is caused by chemical imbalance in the brain, which, in turn, causes physical symptoms such as exhaustion.
(i) There is paucity of awareness about the depression in the public.
(ii) Depression is only about ‘feeling sad’.
(iii) Depression is not entirely confined to negative thoughts in the brain but also to physical repercussions.

(a) Both (i) and (iii)
(b) Only (ii)
(c) Only (iii)
(d) Both (i) and (ii)
(e) None of these

Q15. While incidents in Gujarat which have led to migrant labour leaving the State are disturbing, it is a fact that there is a marked increase in labour migrating from Bihar, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal to other parts of India. Besides the construction industry, one can also see a sizeable number of migrants in the service industry especially in metros such as Chennai, and where the demand for them only seems to be growing rapidly for various reasons.
(i) It is the duty of the respective State governments to ensure the safety of labour.
(ii) The chances of friction and misunderstandings with the local populations are only bound to increase.
(iii) The need for U.P., Bihar and West Bengal to now seriously introspect and ensure suitable job opportunities for their obviously huge numbers of unemployed youths.
(a) Only (i)
(b) Only (ii)
(c) Only (iii)
(d) Both (ii) and (iii)
(e) None of these

Solutions

S1. Ans. (a)
Sol. Among the given options, sentences (b) and (c) are grammatically and contextually incorrect. Sentence (d) is contextually different and structurally incorrect. It is not inferring the same meaning as per the demand of the question. Hence only option (a) forms the correct sentence which follows the sentences given in the question both grammatically and contextually.

S2. Ans. (d)
Sol. Among the given options, sentences (b) and (c) are grammatically and contextually incorrect. Sentence (a) is contextually different and structurally incorrect. It is not inferring the same meaning as per the demand of the question. Hence only option (d) forms the correct sentence which follows the sentences given in the question both grammatically and contextually.

S3. Ans. (c)
Sol. Among the given options, sentences (a) and (b) are grammatically and contextually incorrect. Sentence (d) is contextually different and structurally incorrect. It is not inferring the same meaning as per the demand of the question. Hence only option (c) forms the correct sentence which follows the sentences given in the question both grammatically and contextually.

S4. Ans. (b)
Sol. Among the given options, sentences (a) and (c) are grammatically and contextually incorrect. Sentence (d) is contextually different and structurally incorrect. It is not inferring the same meaning as per the demand of the question. Hence only option (b) forms the correct sentence which follows the sentences given in the question both grammatically and contextually.

S5. Ans. (a)
Sol. Among the given options, sentences (b) and (c) are grammatically and contextually incorrect. Sentence (d) is contextually different and structurally incorrect. It is not inferring the same meaning as per the demand of the question. Hence only option (a) forms the correct sentence which follows the sentences given in the question both grammatically and contextually.

S6. Ans. (b)
Sol. The final coherent sequence is CEBAF.
The sentence (C) introduces the theme of the paragraph which is ‘the RBI pulling a surprise on the Market and keeping its benchmark interest rate unchanged.’ So, the sentence (C) should be the first sentence of the coherent paragraph.
The sentence (E) provides information about the circumstance(s) when the decision was made and elaborates the term ‘surprise’ (mentioned in the sentence (C)). When the central bank changed its policy stance from “neutral” to “calibrated tightening”, it was expected that the benchmark interest rates would go up in the coming months, but, unexpectedly, the benchmark interest rates remain unchanged. So, the sentence (E) should be the second sentence of the coherent paragraph.
The sentence (B) provides information about the expectation and opinion/consensus in the business world and/or stock market. So, the sentence (B) should be the third sentence of the coherent paragraph.
Now, we have CEB as the coherent sub-sequence.
The sentences (A) and (F) provide information about the effects of the decision made by the RBI on the valuation of the Rupee against the U.S. dollar, and on the stocks and bond yields.
Among the sentences (A) and (F), the sentence (A) should come before the sentence (F) because of the presence of the term ‘also’ in the sentence (F). Also, the presence of the phrase ‘not surprisingly’ in the sentence (A) provides a correct start to the effect of the decision taken by the RBI.
So, the sentence (A) should be the Fourth Sentence, while the sentence (F) should be the Fifth Sentence.
Finally, the correct coherent paragraph is CEBAF.
The sentence (D) is irrelevant and out-of-context and isn’t the part of the final coherent sequence.

S7. Ans. (d)
Sol. The final coherent sequence is CEBAF.
Among the given options, the options (a), (b), (c) and (e) are irrelevant and out of context and don’t gets well with the last sentence of the coherent paragraph.
Only the option (d) is the most relevant option which matches well with the last sentence of the coherent paragraph i.e., F.
The sentence (C) introduces the theme of the paragraph which is ‘the RBI pulling a surprise on the Market and keeping its benchmark interest rate unchanged.’ So, the sentence (C) should be the first sentence of the coherent paragraph.
The sentence (E) provides information about the circumstance(s) when the decision was made and elaborates the term ‘surprise’ (mentioned in the sentence (C)). When the central bank changed its policy stance from “neutral” to “calibrated tightening”, it was expected that the benchmark interest rates would go up in the coming months, but, unexpectedly, the benchmark interest rates remain unchanged. So, the sentence (E) should be the second sentence of the coherent paragraph.
The sentence (B) provides information about the expectation and opinion/consensus in the business world and/or stock market. So, the sentence (B) should be the third sentence of the coherent paragraph.
Now, we have CEB as the coherent sub-sequence.
The sentences (A) and (F) provide information about the effects of the decision made by the RBI on the valuation of the Rupee against the U.S. dollar, and on the stocks and bond yields.
Among the sentences (A) and (F), the sentence (A) should come before the sentence (F) because of the presence of the term ‘also’ in the sentence (F). Also, the presence of the phrase ‘not surprisingly’ in the sentence (A) provides a correct start to the effect of the decision taken by the RBI.
So, the sentence (A) should be the Fourth Sentence, while the sentence (F) should be the Fifth Sentence.
Finally, the correct coherent paragraph is CEBAF.
The sentence (D) is irrelevant and out-of-context and isn’t the part of the final coherent sequence.
Hence, the option (d) is the correct answer.

S8. Ans. (c)
Sol. The final coherent sequence is CEBAF.
The sentence (C) introduces the theme of the paragraph which is ‘the RBI pulling a surprise on the Market and keeping its benchmark interest rate unchanged.’ So, the sentence (C) should be the first sentence of the coherent paragraph.
The sentence (E) provides information about the circumstance(s) when the decision was made and elaborates the term ‘surprise’ (mentioned in the sentence (C)). When the central bank changed its policy stance from “neutral” to “calibrated tightening”, it was expected that the benchmark interest rates would go up in the coming months, but, unexpectedly, the benchmark interest rates remain unchanged. So, the sentence (E) should be the second sentence of the coherent paragraph.
The sentence (B) provides information about the expectation and opinion/consensus in the business world and/or stock market. So, the sentence (B) should be the third sentence of the coherent paragraph.
Now, we have CEB as the coherent sub-sequence.
The sentences (A) and (F) provide information about the effects of the decision made by the RBI on the valuation of the Rupee against the U.S. dollar, and on the stocks and bond yields.
Among the sentences (A) and (F), the sentence (A) should come before the sentence (F) because of the presence of the term ‘also’ in the sentence (F). Also, the presence of the phrase ‘not surprisingly’ in the sentence (A) provides a correct start to the effect of the decision taken by the RBI.
So, the sentence (A) should be the Fourth Sentence, while the sentence (F) should be the Fifth Sentence.
Finally, the correct coherent paragraph is CEBAF.
The sentence (D) is irrelevant and out-of-context and isn’t the part of the final coherent sequence.
Clearly, E-B is a consecutive sequence while others are not. Hence, the correct answer is the option (c).

S9. Ans. (a)
Sol. The final coherent sequence is CEBAF.
The sentence (C) introduces the theme of the paragraph which is ‘the RBI pulling a surprise on the Market and keeping its benchmark interest rate unchanged.’ So, the sentence (C) should be the first sentence of the coherent paragraph.
The sentence (E) provides information about the circumstance(s) when the decision was made and elaborates the term ‘surprise’ (mentioned in the sentence (C)). When the central bank changed its policy stance from “neutral” to “calibrated tightening”, it was expected that the benchmark interest rates would go up in the coming months, but, unexpectedly, the benchmark interest rates remain unchanged. So, the sentence (E) should be the second sentence of the coherent paragraph.
The sentence (B) provides information about the expectation and opinion/consensus in the business world and/or stock market. So, the sentence (B) should be the third sentence of the coherent paragraph.
Now, we have CEB as the coherent sub-sequence.
The sentences (A) and (F) provide information about the effects of the decision made by the RBI on the valuation of the Rupee against the U.S. dollar, and on the stocks and bond yields.
Among the sentences (A) and (F), the sentence (A) should come before the sentence (F) because of the presence of the term ‘also’ in the sentence (F). Also, the presence of the phrase ‘not surprisingly’ in the sentence (A) provides a correct start to the effect of the decision taken by the RBI.
So, the sentence (A) should be the Fourth Sentence, while the sentence (F) should be the Fifth Sentence.
Finally, the correct coherent paragraph is CEBAF.
The sentence (D) is irrelevant and out-of-context and isn’t the part of the final coherent sequence.
Hence, the correct answer is the option (a).

S10. Ans. (e)
Sol. The fourth sentence after the rearrangement is the sentence (A).
The final coherent sequence is CEBAF.
The sentence (C) introduces the theme of the paragraph which is ‘the RBI pulling a surprise on the Market and keeping its benchmark interest rate unchanged.’ So, the sentence (C) should be the first sentence of the coherent paragraph.
The sentence (E) provides information about the circumstance(s) when the decision was made and elaborates the term ‘surprise’ (mentioned in the sentence (C)). When the central bank changed its policy stance from “neutral” to “calibrated tightening”, it was expected that the benchmark interest rates would go up in the coming months, but, unexpectedly, the benchmark interest rates remain unchanged. So, the sentence (E) should be the second sentence of the coherent paragraph.
The sentence (B) provides information about the expectation and opinion/consensus in the business world and/or stock market. So, the sentence (B) should be the third sentence of the coherent paragraph.
Now, we have CEB as the coherent sub-sequence.
The sentences (A) and (F) provide information about the effects of the decision made by the RBI on the valuation of the Rupee against the U.S. dollar, and on the stocks and bond yields.
Among the sentences (A) and (F), the sentence (A) should come before the sentence (F) because of the presence of the term ‘also’ in the sentence (F). Also, the presence of the phrase ‘not surprisingly’ in the sentence (A) provides a correct start to the effect of the decision taken by the RBI.
So, the sentence (A) should be the Fourth Sentence, while the sentence (F) should be the Fifth Sentence.
Finally, the correct coherent paragraph is CEBAF.
The sentence (D) is irrelevant and out-of-context and isn’t the part of the final coherent sequence.
Hence, option (e) is the most suitable answer choice.

S11. Ans. (b)
Sol. The alternative (ii) is wrong because it is mentioned in the paragraph, through the sentence ‘The virus-infected or ‘Frankenstein’ insects are being developed as countermeasures against potential natural and engineered threats to the US food supply’ that the intention is to have countermeasures against potential natural and engineered threats to the US food supply.
The inferences (i) and (iii) can be derived from the last sentence of the paragraph which is ‘The program operated by the Pentagon’s Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (DARPA) could be viewed as an attempt to develop an entirely new class of bioweapons that would prompt other nations to seek similar weapons, they cautioned.’ The program is ‘developing ‘Frankenstein’ insects,’ and the ‘program is viewed as an attempt to develop an entirely new class of bioweapons’ is mentioned in the last paragraph. Also, it is mentioned that the program would prompt other nations to seek similar weapons. Both alternatives (i) and (iii) are correct.
Hence, the correct answer is the option (b).

S12. Ans. (b)
Sol. There is no mention of the US withdrawing from the Paris Agreement in the passage. So, nothing can be inferred about it from the given passage. Hence, the alternative (i) is the wrong answer. Neither has there been any mention of any positive effect of regular discussions on climate change. So, the alternative (iii) is also a wrong inference.
The inference (ii) is correct and can be derived from the given passage, specifically from the third sentence ‘All this has resulted in a flurry of activity with governments springing into action’.
Hence, the correct answer is the option (b).

S13. Ans. (c)
Sol. The alternative (iii) is correct, and the alternative (ii) is wrong. The hint for the answer can be derived from the first sentence of the paragraph. It is clearly mentioned that ‘the peptide found in the Australian funnel-web spider kills both human melanoma cells and cancerous Tasmania devil facial tumours that are threatening the survivals of the humans.’
Moreover, it is mentioned in the first sentence of the paragraph that Australian funnel-web spider is an endangered species. Also, it is mentioned that a compound found in the species kills certain cells which are threatening the survival of the humans. So, protecting the Australian funnel-web spider is important to ensure the supply of the anti-cancerous compound found in the spider. Also, the word ‘can’ is used in the alternative (i). So, the alternative (i) is also correct.
From above, we decipher that both alternatives (i) and (iii) are correct, and hence, the option (c) is the correct answer.

S14. Ans. (a)
Sol. The alternative (ii) is wrong as evident from the second-last sentence ‘there is still a lack of understanding that it is so much more than just ‘feeling sad’.’ The same sentence can also be used to understand that the alternative (i) is correct.
The alternative (iii) is correct as can be deciphered from the last sentence of the paragraph.
‘The reality is that depression is caused by chemical imbalance in the brain, which, in turn, causes physical symptoms such as exhaustion.’
Hence, the correct answer is the option (a).

S15. Ans. (e)
Sol. The paragraph fails to deduce all the given inferences as it doesn’t mention anything about the safety of the labours. Moreover, it hasn’t mentioned anything about friction with the local populations or the huge number of unemployed youths. Hence, option (e) is the most suitable answer choice.

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