IBPS PO Mains English Quiz
The English Language has given heebie-jeebies to many aspirants especially in banking mains examination. To help you ease your preparation, Bankersadda has provided English Language Quiz according to the latest & dynamic pattern of Banking exams in the form of 30 Days study plan for IBPS PO Mains 2019. These types of quizzes are useful for IBPS PO 2019 mains & other upcoming banking & insurance exams. So, keep calm and practice for upcoming exams. Here is the quiz for 9th November.
Directions (1-10): Read
the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it.
Certain words are given in bold to help you locate them while answering some of
the questions.
the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it.
Certain words are given in bold to help you locate them while answering some of
the questions.
Humans
need water. If it is in short supply, conflicts can arise. Contrary to popular
belief; however, these types of conflicts almost never lead to war, but rather
to cooperation. Fresh water is one of the most precious of natural resources.
Water is available in huge quantities throughout the world, but scarcities can
arise on a local level, since rainfall, natural water reservoirs, and demand
create an uneven distribution across the globe. A shortage of water can cause
conflicting needs to emerge within and between countries. As early as 200 years
ago, in the face of a growing population, the English political economist and
demographer Thomas Malthus warned against resource scarcity and the potential
for resulting social upheaval.
Especially from the 1970s onwards, this gave rise to the argument that the
ever-increasing overexploitation of natural resources, above all water, would
ultimately lead to massive conflicts and even wars. This is why the term “water
wars” has come into widespread use in books, popular science texts, and
statements by policy makers. In recent years, there has been a boom in assertions like these, as part
of the discourse around climate
change.
need water. If it is in short supply, conflicts can arise. Contrary to popular
belief; however, these types of conflicts almost never lead to war, but rather
to cooperation. Fresh water is one of the most precious of natural resources.
Water is available in huge quantities throughout the world, but scarcities can
arise on a local level, since rainfall, natural water reservoirs, and demand
create an uneven distribution across the globe. A shortage of water can cause
conflicting needs to emerge within and between countries. As early as 200 years
ago, in the face of a growing population, the English political economist and
demographer Thomas Malthus warned against resource scarcity and the potential
for resulting social upheaval.
Especially from the 1970s onwards, this gave rise to the argument that the
ever-increasing overexploitation of natural resources, above all water, would
ultimately lead to massive conflicts and even wars. This is why the term “water
wars” has come into widespread use in books, popular science texts, and
statements by policy makers. In recent years, there has been a boom in assertions like these, as part
of the discourse around climate
change.
Research
on this subject has contributed significantly to bringing such assertions back to
reality. Statistical analyses of international and civil wars show that water
scarcity is not a relevant variable for predicting this extreme form of
conflict. Several research groups have also examined the scale of conflict and
cooperation over water resources on an international and national level.
Studies such as these analyze a vast number of worldwide media reports. The
single most important conclusion is that social and political interactions
around water resources adhere to a kind of normal distribution. Water conflicts
that are fought out violently are extremely rare. Power struggles and
politics have led to overt
on this subject has contributed significantly to bringing such assertions back to
reality. Statistical analyses of international and civil wars show that water
scarcity is not a relevant variable for predicting this extreme form of
conflict. Several research groups have also examined the scale of conflict and
cooperation over water resources on an international and national level.
Studies such as these analyze a vast number of worldwide media reports. The
single most important conclusion is that social and political interactions
around water resources adhere to a kind of normal distribution. Water conflicts
that are fought out violently are extremely rare. Power struggles and
politics have led to overt
and
institutionalized conflict over water — but no armed conflict, as there is over
borders and
institutionalized conflict over water — but no armed conflict, as there is over
borders and
statehood.
No international or domestic water wars were observed in the available data
dating back to the 1940s.On the other hand, water conflicts in the form of
verbal disputes are relatively common. More common, however, are interactions
of a cooperative nature. In other words, water scarcity more often leads to
cooperation than to conflict.
No international or domestic water wars were observed in the available data
dating back to the 1940s.On the other hand, water conflicts in the form of
verbal disputes are relatively common. More common, however, are interactions
of a cooperative nature. In other words, water scarcity more often leads to
cooperation than to conflict.
The
factors determining the risk of water-related conflicts have not yet been
conclusively identified, though we know that the most important predictors are
likely to include: political conflicts over problems that have nothing to do
with water; large development gaps within and between countries; and missing or
underdeveloped institutions in the water sector within and between countries.
Even if water conflicts have so far, almost never resulted in armed conflicts,
could acute water shortages resulting from massive climatic changes not lead to
violent disputes about water in the future? This is of course conceivable in
principle, but this is rather unlikely. In the vast majority of cases, the cost
of armed conflict will be considerably higher than the cost of solutions
reached at the negotiating table. It is important that the popular myth of water
wars somehow be dispelled once and
for all. This will not only stop unsettling and incorrect predictions of international
conflict over water. It will also discourage a certain public resignation that
climate change will bring war, and focus attention instead on what politicians
can do to avoid it: most importantly, improve the conditions of trade for
developing countries to strengthen their economies. And it would help to
convince water engineers and managers, who still tend to see water shortages in
terms of local supply and demand, that the solutions to water scarcity and
security lie outside the water sector in the water/food/trade/economic
development nexus. It would be great if we could unclog our stream of thought
about the misleading notions of ‘water wars’.
factors determining the risk of water-related conflicts have not yet been
conclusively identified, though we know that the most important predictors are
likely to include: political conflicts over problems that have nothing to do
with water; large development gaps within and between countries; and missing or
underdeveloped institutions in the water sector within and between countries.
Even if water conflicts have so far, almost never resulted in armed conflicts,
could acute water shortages resulting from massive climatic changes not lead to
violent disputes about water in the future? This is of course conceivable in
principle, but this is rather unlikely. In the vast majority of cases, the cost
of armed conflict will be considerably higher than the cost of solutions
reached at the negotiating table. It is important that the popular myth of water
wars somehow be dispelled once and
for all. This will not only stop unsettling and incorrect predictions of international
conflict over water. It will also discourage a certain public resignation that
climate change will bring war, and focus attention instead on what politicians
can do to avoid it: most importantly, improve the conditions of trade for
developing countries to strengthen their economies. And it would help to
convince water engineers and managers, who still tend to see water shortages in
terms of local supply and demand, that the solutions to water scarcity and
security lie outside the water sector in the water/food/trade/economic
development nexus. It would be great if we could unclog our stream of thought
about the misleading notions of ‘water wars’.
Water
management will need to adapt but the mechanisms of trade, international
agreements and economic development that currently ease water shortages will
persist. Instead of falling for the water war myth, it would make more sense
for affected populations and their policy makers to consider research findings
such as the ones referred to above to work out what is politically feasible in the short to medium term
and to act accordingly. On the one hand, this means creating institutional
conditions that are able to handle conflicts of interest and resolve domestic
and international disputes over increasingly scarce water in an orderly and
non-violent manner. Another feasible strategy is to use water resources more
efficiently. This is particularly important, since a number of studies show
that local overexploitation is in most cases a far more significant cause of
water scarcity than climate change. UNESCO’s World Water Development Reports,
for example, identify many possibilities for using water more efficiently,
while access to technological innovation in poorer countries continues to play
an important role.
management will need to adapt but the mechanisms of trade, international
agreements and economic development that currently ease water shortages will
persist. Instead of falling for the water war myth, it would make more sense
for affected populations and their policy makers to consider research findings
such as the ones referred to above to work out what is politically feasible in the short to medium term
and to act accordingly. On the one hand, this means creating institutional
conditions that are able to handle conflicts of interest and resolve domestic
and international disputes over increasingly scarce water in an orderly and
non-violent manner. Another feasible strategy is to use water resources more
efficiently. This is particularly important, since a number of studies show
that local overexploitation is in most cases a far more significant cause of
water scarcity than climate change. UNESCO’s World Water Development Reports,
for example, identify many possibilities for using water more efficiently,
while access to technological innovation in poorer countries continues to play
an important role.
Q1.
Despite water being available in huge quantities, why do water scarcities occur
in many parts of the globe? Answer only with reference to the passage.
Despite water being available in huge quantities, why do water scarcities occur
in many parts of the globe? Answer only with reference to the passage.
(a)
Lack of investment in technology.
Lack of investment in technology.
(b)
Because of socio-economic trends.
Because of socio-economic trends.
(c)
Water intensive agricultural and industrial production.
Water intensive agricultural and industrial production.
(d)
As rainfall, natural
water reservoirs, and demand create an uneven distribution.
As rainfall, natural
water reservoirs, and demand create an uneven distribution.
(e)
Abundance of water where resources are over-committed.
Abundance of water where resources are over-committed.
Q2.
Why has the term ‘water wars’ been used extensively in the statements by policy
makers and science books?
Why has the term ‘water wars’ been used extensively in the statements by policy
makers and science books?
(a)
Water scarcity makes flow management in the rehabilitation of urban streams
problematic.
Water scarcity makes flow management in the rehabilitation of urban streams
problematic.
(b)
In countries
suffering from water shortages water is the subject of speculation.
In countries
suffering from water shortages water is the subject of speculation.
(c)
As the ever increasing over-exploitation of water would lead to massive
conflicts and wars.
As the ever increasing over-exploitation of water would lead to massive
conflicts and wars.
(d)
The exponential growth rate of the human population is a main contributing
factor in the increasing use of water resources.
The exponential growth rate of the human population is a main contributing
factor in the increasing use of water resources.
(e)
All of these.
All of these.
Q3.What
types of disputes has author mentioned in the passage that have taken place due
to the water shortages?
types of disputes has author mentioned in the passage that have taken place due
to the water shortages?
(a)Conspicuous
conflicts related to water scarcity.
conflicts related to water scarcity.
(b)Water
conflicts in the form of verbal disputes.
conflicts in the form of verbal disputes.
(c)
Institutionalized disputes related to water shortages.
Institutionalized disputes related to water shortages.
(d)
Armed Conflicts as there is over borders and statehood.
Armed Conflicts as there is over borders and statehood.
(e)All
(a),(b) and (c).
(a),(b) and (c).
Q4.
What do the statistical analyses and findings of the risk of water related
conflicts mean for future?
What do the statistical analyses and findings of the risk of water related
conflicts mean for future?
(a)
Missing or underdeveloped institutions in the water sector within and between
countries.
Missing or underdeveloped institutions in the water sector within and between
countries.
(b)
Political conflicts
over problems that have nothing to do with water.
Political conflicts
over problems that have nothing to do with water.
(c)
Large development gaps within and between countries.
Large development gaps within and between countries.
(d)
Both (b) and (c).
Both (b) and (c).
(e)
All (a), (b) and (c).
All (a), (b) and (c).
Q5.Which
of the following can be most suited as the appropriate label of the passage?
of the following can be most suited as the appropriate label of the passage?
(a)
Water Reclamation and Reuse
Water Reclamation and Reuse
(b)
Unofficial War over water.
Unofficial War over water.
(c)Dispelling
the Water War Myth
the Water War Myth
(d)
Utility Management
Utility Management
(e)
Energy Production and Conservation
Energy Production and Conservation
Directions (6-8): Find out
the word from the given option which is similar in meaning to the word given in
bold in the passage.
the word from the given option which is similar in meaning to the word given in
bold in the passage.
Q6.Upheaval
(a)Commotion
(b)Stagnation
(c)Harmony
(d)Consonance
(e)Stability
Q7.Boom
(a)Recession
(b)Roar
(c)Loss
(d)Collapse
(e)Slump
Q8.Discourse
(a)Tranquility
(b)Muzzle
(c)Dialogue
(d)Serenity
(e)Repose
Directions (9-10): Find
out the word from the given option which is opposite in meaning to the word
given in bold in the passage.
out the word from the given option which is opposite in meaning to the word
given in bold in the passage.
Q9.Dispelled
(a)Banish
(b)Disseminate
(c)Allay
(d)Quell
(e)Congregate
Q10.Feasible
(a)Viable
(b)Impractical
(c)Attainable
(d)Conceivable
(e)Accomplishable
Directions (11-15): In the following passage there are words
highlighted in bold, each of which has been numbered. These numbers are printed
below the passage and against each, four words are suggested, one of which fits
the blank appropriately. Find out the appropriate word in each case. If the
word highlighted in bold does not require any replacement, choose (e) as your
answer.
highlighted in bold, each of which has been numbered. These numbers are printed
below the passage and against each, four words are suggested, one of which fits
the blank appropriately. Find out the appropriate word in each case. If the
word highlighted in bold does not require any replacement, choose (e) as your
answer.
The Rs2.11 trillion
recapitalization package announced by the government is a major outbreak (11) towards revitalizing public sector banks (PSBs) connecting (12) with non-performing
assets (NPAs) and inadequate capital, and will help them endeavor(13)on credit
growth. Also, with incremental acquisition
(14) to stressed assets unlikely to materialize going forward, we expect
the credit profiles of PSBs to adorn
(15).
recapitalization package announced by the government is a major outbreak (11) towards revitalizing public sector banks (PSBs) connecting (12) with non-performing
assets (NPAs) and inadequate capital, and will help them endeavor(13)on credit
growth. Also, with incremental acquisition
(14) to stressed assets unlikely to materialize going forward, we expect
the credit profiles of PSBs to adorn
(15).
Q11.
(a)incursion
(b) irruption
(c) intervention
(d) initiative
(e) No improvement required
(b) irruption
(c) intervention
(d) initiative
(e) No improvement required
Q12.
(a)riveting
(b) harboring
(c) grappling
(d) constricting
(e) No Improvement required
(b) harboring
(c) grappling
(d) constricting
(e) No Improvement required
Q13.
(a)rationalize
(b) incorporate
(c) focus
(d) assemble
(e) No improvement required
(b) incorporate
(c) focus
(d) assemble
(e) No improvement required
Q14. (a)accretion
(b) collection
(c) attainment
(d) enrichment
(e) No improvement required
(b) collection
(c) attainment
(d) enrichment
(e) No improvement required
Q15. (a)succor
(b) improve
(c) mitigate
(d) relieve
(e) No improvement required
(b) improve
(c) mitigate
(d) relieve
(e) No improvement required
Solutions
S1.
Ans. (d)
Ans. (d)
Sol.
Only option (d) is the appropriate answer which is in relevance and context of
the passage. Refer to the first paragraph where the text is quoted as, “Fresh water is one of the most precious of
natural resources. Water is available in huge quantities throughout the world,
but scarcities can arise on a local level, since rainfall, natural water
reservoirs, and demand create an uneven distribution across the globe.”
Only option (d) is the appropriate answer which is in relevance and context of
the passage. Refer to the first paragraph where the text is quoted as, “Fresh water is one of the most precious of
natural resources. Water is available in huge quantities throughout the world,
but scarcities can arise on a local level, since rainfall, natural water
reservoirs, and demand create an uneven distribution across the globe.”
S2.
Ans.(c)
Ans.(c)
Sol.
Option (c) is the most suitable choice .The answer is mentioned in paragraph 1
itself where it is given that overexploitation of natural resources, above all
water, would ultimately lead to massive conflicts and even wars. This is why the term “water wars” has come
into widespread use in books, popular science texts, and statements by policy
makers.
Option (c) is the most suitable choice .The answer is mentioned in paragraph 1
itself where it is given that overexploitation of natural resources, above all
water, would ultimately lead to massive conflicts and even wars. This is why the term “water wars” has come
into widespread use in books, popular science texts, and statements by policy
makers.
S3.
Ans.(e)
Ans.(e)
Sol.
Option (e) is the most befitting answer. All of the above first three options
except option (d) answer the given question. These can be deduced from
paragraph 2 that power struggles and politics have led to overt and institutionalized
conflict over water — but no armed conflict, as there is over borders and
Option (e) is the most befitting answer. All of the above first three options
except option (d) answer the given question. These can be deduced from
paragraph 2 that power struggles and politics have led to overt and institutionalized
conflict over water — but no armed conflict, as there is over borders and
statehood. On the other
hand, water conflicts in the form of verbal disputes are relatively common.
hand, water conflicts in the form of verbal disputes are relatively common.
S4.
Ans.(e)
Ans.(e)
Sol.
Option (e) is the most suitable answer. Refer to the third paragraph where the
text is quoted as , “The factors
determining the risk of water-related conflicts have not yet been conclusively
identified, though we know that the most important predictors are likely to
include: political conflicts over problems that have nothing to do with water;
large development gaps within and between countries; and missing or
underdeveloped institutions in the water sector within and between countries.”
Option (e) is the most suitable answer. Refer to the third paragraph where the
text is quoted as , “The factors
determining the risk of water-related conflicts have not yet been conclusively
identified, though we know that the most important predictors are likely to
include: political conflicts over problems that have nothing to do with water;
large development gaps within and between countries; and missing or
underdeveloped institutions in the water sector within and between countries.”
S5.
Ans.(c)
Ans.(c)
Sol.
The most appropriate title for the passage is, “Dispelling the Water War Myth”.
This is so because the whole passage revolves around how the water war myth has
to be dispelled among the population.
The most appropriate title for the passage is, “Dispelling the Water War Myth”.
This is so because the whole passage revolves around how the water war myth has
to be dispelled among the population.
This
will not only stop unsettling and incorrect predictions of international
conflict over water. It will also discourage a certain public resignation that
climate change will bring war, and focus attention instead on what politicians
can do to avoid it: most importantly, improve the conditions of trade for
developing countries to strengthen their economies.
will not only stop unsettling and incorrect predictions of international
conflict over water. It will also discourage a certain public resignation that
climate change will bring war, and focus attention instead on what politicians
can do to avoid it: most importantly, improve the conditions of trade for
developing countries to strengthen their economies.
S6.
Ans.(a)
Ans.(a)
Sol.
Upheaval means a violent or sudden change or disruption to something.
Upheaval means a violent or sudden change or disruption to something.
Commotion
means disruption.
means disruption.
Stagnation
means lack of activity, growth, or development.
means lack of activity, growth, or development.
Consonance
means accord, harmony.
means accord, harmony.
Stability
means firmness.
means firmness.
S7.
Ans.(b)
Ans.(b)
Sol.
Boom means an uproar
Boom means an uproar
Recession
means downturn.
means downturn.
Collapse
means suddenly fall down or give way.
means suddenly fall down or give way.
Slump
means fail or decline substantially.
means fail or decline substantially.
S8.
Ans.(c)
Ans.(c)
Sol.
Discourse means discussion, conversation.
Discourse means discussion, conversation.
Dialogue
means a conversation between two or more people as a feature of a book, play,
or film.
means a conversation between two or more people as a feature of a book, play,
or film.
Tranquility
means the quality or state of being calm.
means the quality or state of being calm.
Muzzle
means silence, suppress.
means silence, suppress.
Serenity
means the state of being calm, peaceful, and untroubled.
means the state of being calm, peaceful, and untroubled.
Repose
means a state of rest, sleep, or tranquility.
means a state of rest, sleep, or tranquility.
S9.
Ans.(e)
Ans.(e)
Sol.
Dispelled means made to disappear.
Dispelled means made to disappear.
Congregate
means assemble, gather.
means assemble, gather.
Banish
means get rid of (something unwanted).
means get rid of (something unwanted).
Disseminate
means spread (something, especially information) widely.
means spread (something, especially information) widely.
Allay
means diminish or put at rest (fear, suspicion, or worry).
means diminish or put at rest (fear, suspicion, or worry).
Quell
means suppress (a feeling).
means suppress (a feeling).
S10.
Ans.(b)
Ans.(b)
Sol.
Feasible means possible and practical to do easily or conveniently.
Feasible means possible and practical to do easily or conveniently.
Impractical
means not adapted for use or action; not sensible or realistic.
means not adapted for use or action; not sensible or realistic.
Viable
means capable of working successfully; feasible.
means capable of working successfully; feasible.
Attainable
means achievable.
means achievable.
Conceivable
means capable of being imagined or grasped mentally.
means capable of being imagined or grasped mentally.
Accomplishable
means able to be achieved or completed successfully.
means able to be achieved or completed successfully.
S11. Ans. (d)
Sol. ‘initiative’ best fits the
purpose as the sentence indicates government’s effort to revitalize Public
sector banks (PSBs).
purpose as the sentence indicates government’s effort to revitalize Public
sector banks (PSBs).
Outbreak means a
sudden occurrence of something unwelcome, such as war or disease.
sudden occurrence of something unwelcome, such as war or disease.
Irruption means to
rush in forcibly or violently.
rush in forcibly or violently.
Intervention means
interference by a state in another’s affairs.
interference by a state in another’s affairs.
Incursion means an
invasion or attack.
invasion or attack.
S12. Ans. (c)
Sol. ‘grappling’ is the right
word to be replaced in the blank as it means to struggle and PSBs are
struggling with Non- Performing assets and inadequate capital.
word to be replaced in the blank as it means to struggle and PSBs are
struggling with Non- Performing assets and inadequate capital.
Constricting means make
narrower, especially by encircling pressure.
narrower, especially by encircling pressure.
Harboring means give
a home or shelter to.
a home or shelter to.
Riveting means
fixing.
fixing.
S13. Ans. (c)
Sol. ‘focus’ is the suitable word
as PSBs need to grow their credit by overcoming the problem of inadequate
capital and Non- performing assets.
as PSBs need to grow their credit by overcoming the problem of inadequate
capital and Non- performing assets.
S14. Ans. (a)
Sol. ‘Accretion’ is the appropriate
word as it means addition.
word as it means addition.
All other options are not making
the sentence meaningful with respect to the theme of the passage.
the sentence meaningful with respect to the theme of the passage.
S15. Ans. (b)
Sol. ‘improve’ best suits the
purpose as the government’s initiative towards revitalizing PSBs can make their
condition better.
purpose as the government’s initiative towards revitalizing PSBs can make their
condition better.
Succor means help
or aid.
or aid.
Adorn means
beautify.
beautify.
IBPS PO Main 2019 Preparation Study Material!
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