Directions (1-5): In each of the following sentence there are three blank spaces. Below each sentence there are four options and each option consists of three words which can be filled up in the blanks in the sentence to make the sentence grammatically correct.
Q1. The government, which had been facing a lot of ________________ from opposition parties and also a few economists in the last few months for the ________________ in GDP in two consecutive quarters, breathed a sigh of _______________ after international rating agency Moody’s upgraded India’s credit rating from BAA3 to BAA2.
(a)criticism, slowdown, relief
(b)opinion, strike, support
(c)blame, rise, mitigation
(d)gibe, increase, ease
(e)insult, delay, opulence
Q2. Moody’s has not ______________ any big increase in GDP growth in the short run, as there have been some _______________ in the economy due to demonetisation and GST, which may _______________ for some more time.
(a)estimated, confusion, condemn
(b)awaited, division, ignore
(c)indicated, uproar, include
(d)predicted, disruptions, continue
(e)seen, ruckus, grasp
Q3. Education is one area that has seen _______________ progress over the last one decade in this country, despite ________________ political instability and the _______________ insurgency.
(a)miniature, depressing, fringed
(b)massive, worsening, spreading
(c)enormous, fatal, increased
(d)extensive, soothing, assigning
(e)gross, return, trading
Q4. An _______________ of life-sustaining oxygen has been ________________ into the vintage car movement by the National Green Tribunal, rather belatedly, easing the ________________ on old cars using public roads.
(a)identical, planned, rule
(b)akin, pressed, limits
(c)opposite, pervaded, stint
(d)analogous, stained, hurdle
(e)equivalent, infused, restrictions
Q5. Far from taking the country forward, the President of the United States _______________ to have taken the country on a journey back in time to an _______________ where racism, sexism and bigotry were part of the _________________ landscape.
(a)develops, eon, polite
(b)happens, age, aloof
(c)appears, era, social
(d)surface, span, widespread
(e)emerge, epoch, popular
Directions (6-10): In the question given below the parts of the sentence which are highlighted are grammatically correct. Choose that part of the sentence which is not highlighted and is grammatically incorrect. Ensure that the meaning of the statement remains unchanged.
Q6. GDP is really not a comprehensive measure of economic development, because the primary method of measuring GDP is based on absurd calculations that include some values and completely, rather arbitrarily, excludes any other consideration of distribution of income.
(a)GDP is really not a comprehensive
(b)because the primary method of measuring
(c)that include some values and completely, rather arbitrarily
(d)excludes any other consideration of distribution of income
(e)No error
Q7. The National Health Policy 2017 has been proposed to increase the public spending on health care from a dismal 1 per cent to a meagre 2.5 per cent of GDP by 2020, which in itself is well below the world average of 5.99 per cent.
(a)The National Health Policy 2017 has been proposed
(b)to increase the public spending
(c)on health care from a dismal 1 per cent
(d)which in itself is well below the world average of 5.99 per cent
(e)No error
Q8. The fact of the matter must be that while a large section of the populace has been confronting the repressive dictator, the forbidden challenge of the ISIS emanates from its anxiety to step into the vacuum.
(a)must be that while a large section
(b)of the populace has been confronting the repressive dictator
(c)the forbidden challenge of the ISIS
(d)emanates from its anxiety
(e)No error
Q9. The German Social Democratic Party (SPD) was the first socialist party, prior to World War I to advocate universal suffrage and renounce revolution as a method of struggle for achieving working-class aims and this made them pay increasing attention to women’s suffrage.
(a)The German Social Democratic Party (SPD) was the first socialist party
(b)prior to World War I to advocate universal suffrage
(c)as a method of struggle for achieving
(d)and this made them pay increasing attention to women’s suffrage
(e)No error
Q10. It must be conceded that the HRD ministry having comprehensive guidelines that take into consideration the physical infrastructure, notably separate and age-appropriate toilets to ensure the safety of children in school.
(a)It must be conceded that the HRD ministry
(b)having comprehensive guidelines that take into
(c)consideration the physical infrastructure
(d)to ensure the safety of children in school
(e)No error
Direction (11-13): The sentences given in each of the following questions, when properly sequenced, form a coherent paragraph. Each sentence is labeled with a letter. From among the five choices given below each question, choose the most logical order of sentences that construct a coherent paragraph.
Q11. (A)Besides, a campus is the natural home of the ISC, for scientists should not transact their business in an ivory tower beyond the reach of the student body.
(B)It is the crucible of future politics, and politicians should engage with student protesters rather than seek insulation from them.
(C)But a campus is where feelings and arguments can and should run high.
(D)Indian science has been seen to be faltering for some time — with the significant exception of the space effort — and it is important to inspire the student body.
(E)It would be like holding a business meeting in a football field.
(F)Indeed, that would indicate a failure to take the student body along with them.
(G)The proposal to relocate the meet to a trade fair facility is completely inappropriate.
(a)BDAFGEC
(b)CBFADGE
(c)ABDGECF
(d)CBDAEFG
(e)AGFECBD
Q12. (A)Such systems should have been the basis not only of higher education but of new and viable professions and forging an informed agreement within society.
(B)While there is a great demand for development services, there are few empirical systems to measure it at the granular level that is required.
(C)How long can such a corrosive system last?
(D)Instead, we have chosen to continue an elaborate, expensive and divisive system of two realities, of rewards and rents for a chosen few and a sullen acceptance for the others.
(a)BADC
(b)BCAD
(c)ABCD
(d)DCAB
(e)CBDA
Q13. (A)All men by nature desire to know. A man is what he knows.
(B)The more you know, the less you need to show.
(C)The greater our knowledge increases the more our ignorance make known.
(D)There are no possessions like knowledge, and no poverty like ignorance.
(E)Our greatest enemy today is ignorance.
(F)What we don’t know is killing us; or at least depriving us of a full and abundant life.
(a)BADCFE
(b)DBCAFE
(c)ABCDEF
(d)ABDCEF
(e)CBDEFA
Directions (14-15): Each of the following questions has a paragraph from which one sentence has been deleted. From the given options, choose the one that completes the paragraph in the most appropriate way.
Q14. Yaks live at altitudes of 2,000 to 5,000 meters above sea level and are comfortable at an average temperature below 10 degrees Celsius. A flagship species for the high rangeland ecosystem of the Himalayas, they are cold-adaptive and are rightly dubbed “shaggy barometers of climate change.” Temperature-driven shifts in wild yak grazing ranges and distribution patterns in the Tibetan Plateau, as well as changes observed in the Brokpa yak pastoral practices, are indicators of a changing climate in high Asia, researchers contend________________________________________________________. A University of Wisconsin-Madison study in 2014 found that in the eastern Tibetan Plateau, daily low temperatures have increased in the past 24 years, and daily high temperatures have increased at a rate of 5 degrees C over a period of 100 years.
(a) Lobsang, nevertheless, plans to shift entirely to yak-cattle hybrids in case climate difficulties soar.
(b) Temperatures are rising in the Himalayan yak range, with a projected mean annual temperature increase of between 2.2 and 3.3 degrees C by 2050.
(c) The summer has extended and the temperature risen.
(d) Yaks’ extensive presence in the snow-clad alpine and subalpine Himalayas makes the landscape look like a crumpled white sheet punctuated with shaggy black dots.
(e) The Brokpa yak pastoralists are facing multiple challenges like temperature rise, degradation of high-altitude pastures, dwindling of the pure yak population, and a gradually shortening winter.
Q15. Studies suggest that over 200 species of birds found in India are traded to be used for different purposes, including petting, consumption, medicine, and zoo exhibits. Rhinos too, are now on the list of endangered species due to the trade of rhino horn. A WWF-India document lists a large number of wildlife species across India — everything from birds to marmosets, moths to tigers — are sold by poachers and illegal traffickers. Each rhino horn fetches about Rs 300,000 rupees ($4,600) in India and at least 30 percent more in the international market. There’s also great demand for rhino meat and bones for medicinal purposes in China, Korea, Taiwan and Japan. The expert adds that the main incentive for the illegal wildlife trade is the premium such goods fetch in the market. The cost of a kilogram of ivory has shot up from $750 in 2010 to $2100 in four years. _________________________________.
(a) The number of species that are poached or illegally traded in the country likewise trended upwards from 400 in 2014 to 465 in 2016.
(b) Over 30,382 wildlife crimes and mortality were recorded through December 31, 2016, says the book, which was published by the nonprofit Center for Science and Environment.
(c) This year has been particularly tough for the country’s natural heritage.
(d) Rhino horn is today sold at a whopping $ 29,000 a kilogram.
(e) In August, a huge consignment of animal parts was seized from the northeastern state of Assam.
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Solutions
S1. Ans. (a)
Sol. The set of words “criticism, slowdown, relief” fills the provided blanks meaningfully. The expression “sigh of relief” means to suddenly feel very happy because something unpleasant has not happened or has ended. Other options are irrelevant as they alter the meaning of the sentence. Hence (a) is the correct choice.
Criticism means the expression of disapproval of someone or something on the basis of perceived faults or mistakes.
Mitigation means the action of reducing the severity, seriousness, or painfulness of something.
Gibe means make insulting or mocking remarks; jeer.
Opulence means great wealth or luxuriousness.
S2. Ans. (d)
Sol. “predicted, disruptions, continue” is the required set of words that fits perfectly into the meaning of the sentence. Other words do not follow the correct theme of the sentence. Hence (d) is the correct choice.
Predict means say or estimate that (a specified thing) will happen in the future or will be a consequence of something.
Disruption means disturbance or problems which interrupt an event, activity, or process.
Uproar means a loud and impassioned noise or disturbance.
Ruckus means a row or commotion.
Grasp means seize and hold firmly.
S3. Ans. (b)
Sol. “massive, worsening, spreading” is the required set of words that fits perfectly into the sentence, giving it a contextual meaning. Other words do not follow the correct theme of the sentence. Hence (b) is the correct choice.
Miniature means very small of its kind.
Fringe means decorate (clothing or material) with a fringe.
Fatal means causing death.
Gross means (especially of wrongdoing) very obvious and unacceptable.
S4. Ans. (e)
Sol. “equivalent, infused, restrictions” is the required set of words that fits perfectly into the sentence. Other words do not follow the correct theme of the sentence. Hence (e) is the correct choice.
Equivalent means equal in value, amount, function, meaning, etc.
Akin means of similar character.
Pervade means (especially of a smell) spread through and be perceived in every part of.
Analogous means comparable in certain respects, typically in a way which makes clearer the nature of the things compared.
Infuse means instill (a quality) in someone or something.
Stint means a person’s fixed or allotted period of work.
S5. Ans. (c)
Sol. “appears, era, social” is the required set of words that fits perfectly into the sentence, giving it a contextual meaning. Other words do not follow the correct theme of the sentence. Hence (c) is the correct choice.
Era means a long and distinct period of history.
Eon means an indefinite and very long period of time.
Aloof means not friendly or forthcoming; cool and distant.
Epoch means a particular period of time in history or a person’s life.
S6. Ans. (d)
Sol. There is an error in the part (d) of the sentence. The verb “excludes” should be replaced by its plural form “exclude” to comply with the subject-verb agreement. It is to be noted that the subject of the verb “exclude” is in plural “absurd calculations” which should be followed by the similar form of the verb. Hence option (d) is the correct choice.
S7. Ans. (a)
Sol. There is an error in the part (a) of the sentence. The use of “been” is incorrectly matched with the structure of the sentence. The sentence simply follows the Present Perfect Tense with “The National Health Policy 2017” as the subject. The correct expression should be “The National Health Policy 2017 has proposed” to make the sentence grammatically correct. Hence option (a) is the correct choice.
S8. Ans. (c)
Sol. There is an error in the part (c) of the sentence. The adjective “forbidden” doesn’t fit into the theme of the sentence as it means not allowed; banned. It should be replaced by the correct adjective “forbidding” which means unfriendly or threatening in appearance. The expression “the forbidding challenge of the ISIS” gives a contextual meaning to the sentence. Hence option (c) is the correct choice.
S9. Ans. (e)
Sol. There is no error in any part of the sentence as the sentence is grammatically correct. Hence (e) is the correct choice.
S10. Ans. (b)
Sol. There is an error in the part (b) of the sentence. The correct form of the verb should be “has” instead of “having” to make the sentence structurally correct. Other parts would correctly follow this change to form a coherent sentence. Hence option (b) is the correct choice.
S11. Ans. (b)
Sol. The sentences in the sequence of CBFADGE form a coherent paragraph which is about the Indian Science Congress (ISC). Considering the given options, statement (C) makes the most logical start to the paragraph. Sentences (B) and (F) are complementary and there is a similar case with the sentences (G) and (E). Sentence (A) should follow (F) to make a better chain of logical statements. Hence (b) is the most suitable option.
S12. Ans. (a)
Sol. If we go by the options, statement (B) should begin the paragraph. There is a clear connection between the sentences (B) and (A) [“empirical systems” in the sentence (B) and “such systems” in the sentence (A)]. The sentence (C) concludes the paragraph in a proper way. Thus, sentences in the sequence of BADC form a coherent paragraph which is about demand for development services in the educational institutions. Hence (a) is the correct choice.
S13. Ans. (d)
Sol. The sentence (A) should begin the paragraph as it starts with the theme of the paragraph. It should subsequently be followed by the statements (B), (D) and (C). The sentence (F) concludes the paragraph. Thus, sentences in the sequence of ABDCEF form a coherent paragraph which is about the importance of knowledge and the desire of all men to attain the same. Hence (d) is the correct choice.
S14. Ans. (b)
Sol. Here the paragraph discusses the temperature shifts of the Himalayan yak range. The sentences before the blank talks about the climate change in high Asia as there are changes in pastoral practices, grazing ranges and pastoral practices whereas sentences after the blank talks about the study about the rise in temperatures. Hence the blank must be filled by the sentence talking about temperature rise. Sentence (b) is going appropriately with the theme of the paragraph. Hence option (b) is the correct choice among the given options.
S15. Ans. (d)
Sol. Here the theme of the paragraph revolves around the poaching and illegal trafficking of Rhino, which is an endangered species across India, as there is great demand of Rhino meat and bones in various countries for various purposes. Sentences before the blank talks about the cost related to Rhino parts. Hence the blank must be filled by the sentence related to this theme. Going through all the sentences, we find that sentence (d) goes correctly with the theme talking about the selling price of Rhino’s horn. Hence option (d) is the correct choice.
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