Directions (1-5): In the questions given below a sentence is divided into five parts marked A-E. The five parts are jumbled and one of the parts has an error in it. Arrange the divided parts into a coherent sentence and identify the part which has an error in it.
Q1. He had not been ready (A)/Chief Minister PinarayiVijayan said (B)/To accept the Supreme Court’s verdict (C)/Should have quit (D)/ Sabarimala chief priest KandararuRajeevaru (E).
(a) EDACB; (D)
(b) BEDAC; (C)
(c) DACEB; (C)
(d) BEDAC; (A)
(e) EDACB; (E)
Q2. Was attempt to checkmate senior BJP leaders (A)/Mr. Patnaik’s letter to Mr. Modi(B)/According to political analysts, (C)/About the BJD government’s performance in Odisha (D)/ From creating any confusion among the people (E)/
(a) BAECD; (C)
(b) AEBCD; No Error
(c) CBAED; (A)
(d) EABCD; (E)
(e) BAECD; (E)
Q3. And something which cannot be stopped (A)/on the basis of “conjectures and surmises”(B)/is a “fundamental right” of the party, (C)/An appeal filed by the BJP said held a “peaceful yatra” (D)/ making voters aware of their rights (E).
(a) DBCAE; No error
(b) EBCAD; No error
(c) DECAB; No error
(d) BDECA; (D)
(e) DECAB; (D)
Q4. The Chief Minister is personally (A)/in the heart of Imphal(B)/ supervising preparations at HaftaKangjeibung ground (C)/ where Mr. Modi is scheduled (D)/ to address a public meeting (E).
(a) ACBDE; (C)
(b) ACBDE; No error
(c) ACDBE; No error
(d) BCDBE; (C)
(e) DEACB; (A)
Q5. Was introduced by the BJP government (A)/The group recitation of VandeMatram(B)/led for(C)/for the government employees (D)/the then Chief Minister Babulal Gaur in 2005 (E).
(a) ECBDA; (B)
(b) BDACE; (C)
(c) ECBDA; (C)
(d) ECBDA; No Error
(e) DCABE; (B)
Directions (6-15): Read the following passage and answer the questions following it. Several alphabets are given to help you assist in answering those questions.
The Indian Economy presents an interesting case of growing per capita income, but relatively slower growth rate in ….(A)….. of sanitation conditions. While there has been considerable improvement since the launch of the Swachh Bharat Mission — the National Annual Rural Sanitation Survey 2018-19 has reported, as on March 5, that the number of Indians defecating in the open has come down to under 50 million, from 550 million in 2014 — we still have a long way to go. In their 2017 book, Where India Goes, academic scholars Diane Coffey and Dean Spears argue that open defecation may be a consequence of the caste prejudices that continue to exist. (B) Practices like purity (1) and belief of ritual untouchability (2) of certain caste groups has exacerbated (3) issues of lack of access to toilets and poor maintenance(4) of existing toilets. (C) Provide access and maintenance is easier compared to the mammoth task of inducing behavioural change which calls for systemic efforts and interventions.
The flagship programme Swachh Bharat Mission, constituted by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, (D)……………………………… But just like previous campaigns, such as Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan, SBM is riddled with complexities, operational challenges and ground-level implementation problems. Even though the issue has come to be widely ……(E)……. (also thanks to the recent Akshay Kumar–starrer Toilet Ek Prem Katha), a problem of this scale and a policy this expensive needs more attention on understanding caste-based affiliation (F) in sanitation.
The Indian Human Development Survey (IHDS), conducted in 2004-05 and 2011-12 by National Council of Applied Economic Research (NCAER) and University of Maryland in over 40,000 households, captured detailed information on sanitation, practices at the household level and …..(G)…. development at the village level over the two rounds. (H) It captured not only individual-level information on socioeconomic background but also information on the social group composition (caste and religion) in each of the 1500+ surveyed villages.
(I) Even though the IHDS datasets, which we (1)analyse here under, pertain to a period before the SBM was (2)launched, there may yet be value in examining it to (3)prevalence the broader exclusions that exist vis-à-vis caste and social status as well as the extent, (4)understand, and impact of these differences.
IHDS data from 2011-12 suggests that over 40% of the 40,000+ surveyed households across India defecated in the open. (J). While this is a marked improvement from the last survey round (in 2004-05) where over 50% of the surveyed population (almost 70% in rural areas) claimed to be defecating openly, these numbers are staggering nonetheless.
Q6. Which of the following words given in the options should come at the place marked as (A) in the above passage to make it grammatically correct and meaningful? Also, the word should fill in the two sentences given below to make them contextually correct and meaningful.
(i) In the 2017 Six Nations, Scotland saw a marked …………………. in performance with three home wins and two away defeats.
(ii) With a significant …………………… in local security, Somali expatriates began returning to the country for investment opportunities.
(a) movement
(b) improvement
(c) fortitude
(d) forbearance
(e) indulgence
Q7. The sentence given in (B) has four words given in bold. Amongst the given bold words which of the followings must interchange to make the sentence grammatically and contextually correct and meaningful?
(a) 1-4
(b) 2-4
(c) 1-2
(d) 2-3
(e) 3-4
Q8. In the above passage, a sentence (C) is given in Italics. There may or may not be an error in one part of the sentence. Choose the part which has an error in it as your answer. If there is no error, then choose option (E) as your answer.
(a) Provide access and maintenance is
(b) easier compared to the mammoth task
(c) of inducing behavioural change which calls
(d) for systemic efforts and interventions
(e) No error
Q9. Which of the following phrases should fill the blank (D) to make it contextually and grammatically meaningful and correct respectively?
(a) conducted to confirm the ODF status of the village
(b) a lot of sanitation practices are shared
(c) had the highest incidence of open defecation at over 55%
(d) has brought this serious problem into the mainstream
(e) field enquiry conducted during an ODF audit in a village
Q10. Which of the following words given in the options should come at the place marked as (E) in the above paragraph to make it grammatically and contextually meaningful and correct? Also, the word should fill the two sentences given below to make them contextually correct and meaningful?
(i) A Department of the Environment spokesperson …………………… that some local authorities could enforce the litter laws more effectively.
(ii) Speaking privately, authority officials …………………. that conditions in some places are so inhumane that they probably violate international law.
(a) halted
(b) acknowledged
(c) jettisoned
(d) conveyed
(e) deployed
Q11. A word is given in bold in (F). Choose the word which should replace the word given in bold to make the sentence correct and meaningful. If no change is required, choose option (E) as your answer.
(a) mettle
(b) acquisition
(c) sufferance
(d) discrimination
(e) pusillanimity
Q12. Which of the following words should fill the blank given in (G) to make it contextually correct and meaningful?
(a) expansion
(b) infrastructure
(c) structure
(d) complaint
(e) illusion
Q13. In the passage given, a sentence (H) is given in Italics. There may or may not be an error in one part of the sentence. Choose the part which has an error in it as your answer.
(a) It captured not only individual-level
(b) information on socioeconomic background but also
(c) information on the social group composition (caste and religion)
(d) in each of the 1500+ surveyed villages
(e) No error
Q14. The sentence given in (I) has four words given in bold. Amongst the given bold words, which of the followings must replace each other to make the sentence contextually correct and meaningful?
(a) 2-4
(b) 2-3
(c) 1-4
(d) 3-4
(e) 1-3
Q15. Two sentences are given in italics on both sides of (J). Which of the following statements can come in between the two sentences in place of (J) and maintain the continuity of the paragraph?
(a)Behaviour within the village and shared resources might impact individuals within the community.
(b)While these numbers are encouraging, the policy faces multiple challenges.
(c)We observed that toilets which had a septic tank were extremely problematic.
(d)Some had even used the ₹12,000 they got through the SBM to marry off their children.
(e) In rural areas, the numbers are even higher (almost 60%)
Solutions
S1. Ans. (d)
Sol. The correct coherent sequence is BEDAC.
Upon reading the parts, one gets to understand that Chief Minister PinarayiVijayan is expressing his opinion on Sabarimala chief priest. So, (B) should be the first part.
The parts (A), (C), (D) and (E) would arrange to form a conditional clause;
The part (E) should provide the subject for the first clause of the conditional clause;
The part (D) should provide the predicate for the first clause of the conditional clause;
The part (A) should be the first part of the second clause of the conditional clause; and
The part (C) should be the second part of the second clause of the conditional clause.
So, the correct coherent sequence is BEDAC.
The tone of the sentence suggests that the sentence is a conditional sentence with the clause ‘he had not been ready to accept the Supreme Court’s verdict’ is a conditional part. The starting part ‘he had not been ready…’ is grammatically incorrect. In the cases of conditional sentences, the correct sentences should be ‘had he not been ready…’ So, there is an error in the part (A) of the sentence.
“Chief Minister PinarayiVijayan said Sabarimala chief priest KandararuRajeevaru should have quit had he not beenready to accept the Supreme Court’s verdict.”
Hence, option (d) is the correct answer.
S2. Ans. (c)
Sol. The correct coherent sequence is CBAED.
The part (C) should be the first part of the coherent sentence. The part (C) is an adverbial phrase ‘according to political analysts’. A clause should follow the starting adverbial phrase.
The part (B) is a perfect phrase to follow the function of the subject of that clause.
No other parts (A), (D) and (E) could behave as a subject.
The part (A), starting with ‘was attempt’, should follow the part (B).
The part (D) qualifying the phrase ‘confusion among the people’ of the part (E) should follow the part (E), and the sub-sequence ‘ED’ should follow the part (A).
So, the final coherent sequence is CBAED.
There is an error in the part (A) of the sentence. The noun ‘attempt’ is an indefinite Countable Noun which must be preceded by an indefinite article ‘an’.
Hence, option (c) is the correct answer.
According to political analysts, Mr. Patnaik’s letter to Mr. Modi was an attempt to checkmate senior BJP leaders from creating any confusion among the people about the BJD government’s performance in Odisha.
S3. Ans. (e)
Sol. The correct coherent sequence is DECAB.
The part (E) is qualifying the a (grammatically incorrect) noun-phrase ‘held a “peaceful yatra” of the part (D) and is functioning as an adjective phrase to the noun phrase present in the part (D).
So, the part (E) should follow the part (D).
The tone of the sentence suggests that a phrase ‘held a “peaceful yatra”’, part (A), (B), (C) and (E) are forming a clause which would qualify the verb ‘said’.
The part (D) should be the first part of the coherent sentence.
The part (E) should be the second part of the coherent sentence;
The part (C) starting with a verb-phrase should be the third part of the coherent sentence;
The part (A), starting with ‘and’ should follow the part (C).
The part (B) is qualifying the verb ‘stopped’ present in the part (A) and should follow the part (A).
So, the correct coherent sequence is DECAB.
There is an error in the part (D) of the sentence. Please note that the phrase ‘held a “peaceful yatra”’ should be a noun phrase and the phrase ‘making voters aware of their rights’ should be an adjective phrase, which is qualifying the noun phrase ‘held a “peaceful yatra”’.
But a noun phrase is never start with a past-participle verb, i.e., ‘held’. The verb must be a gerund, i.e., ‘holding’.
Hence, option (e) is the correct answer.
An appeal filed by the BJP said holding a “peaceful yatra” making voters aware of their rights is a “fundamental right” of the party, and something which cannot be stopped on the basis of “conjectures and surmises”.
S4. Ans. (a)
Sol. The correct sequence is ACBDE.
Among the parts (A) and (D), the part (A) is better poised to be the starting phrase of the sentence.
The part (D) is starting with ‘where’, while the part (A) has both a noun and a finite verb.
The trailing part of the part (A) is ‘is personally’. Either the verb following the part ‘is personally’ would be present participle or past participle. The part (C) starting with a present-participle verb provides the correct grammatical sense to the ‘is’ present in the part (A).
So, the part (C) should follow the part (A).
The part (B) is qualifying the phrase ‘at Haftaangjeibung ground’ present in the part (C) and so, the part (B) should follow the part (C).
The part (D) and (E) seem to be forming to an adverbial clause, qualifying the prepositional phrase ‘at HaftaKangjeibung ground in the heart of Imphal’. The part (D), starting with ‘where’ and providing both subject and verb, and that too, in correct order’, should precede the part (E).
So, the correct sequence is ACBDE.
There is an error in the part (C) of the sentence. Please note that the noun ‘preparations’ is a plural countable noun and must be preceded by the article ‘the’.
Hence, option (a) is the correct answer.
The Chief Minister is personally supervising the preparations at HaftaKangjeibung ground in the heart of Imphal where Mr. Modi is scheduled to address a public meeting.
S5. Ans. (b)
Sol. The coherent sequence of the paragraph is ‘BDACE’.
Among the given parts, parts (B) and (D) combines to give the subject of the sentence.
‘The group recitation of VandeMantram for the government employees’ makes both grammatical and contextual sense.
So, the part (B) should be the first part of the coherent sentence.
The part (D) should be the second part of the coherent sentence;
The part (A), starting with ‘was’, should follow the subject of the sentence provided by the sub-sequence ‘BD’.
So, the part (A) should be the third part of the coherent sentence.
It seems that the part (C) and the part (E) would combine to qualify the noun phrase ‘the BJP government’ present in the trailing part of the part (A).
It makes more sense for the (grammatically incorrect) part (C) to precede the part (E).
So, the coherent sequence of the paragraph is ‘BDACE’.
There is an error in the part (C).
The usage of the preposition ‘for’ is incorrect as per the context of the sentence; instead, the adverb ‘by’ should have been used.
Hence, option (b) is the correct answer.
The group recitation of VandeMatram for the government employees was introduced by the BJP government led by the then Chief Minister Babulal Gaur in 2005.
S6. Ans. (b)
Sol. Among the given words,“improvement” fits aptly in the context of the passage as it means the action of improving or being improved. All the other words are either contextually incoherent to the passage or they fail to fit in either of the sentences. Hence, option (b) becomes the most suitable answer choice.
Movement: a change or development.
Fortitude: courage in pain or adversity.
Forbearance: patient self-control; restraint and tolerance.
Indulgence: the action or fact of indulging.
S7. Ans. (c)
Sol. The presence of the word ‘untouchability’ after ‘ritual’ makes it incorrect. Also the word ‘purity’ in its position is contextually incorrect. The positions of the words (3) and (4) are correct. Upon interchanging 1-2, we get a sentence which is grammatically and contextually meaningful and correct. Thus the correct sentence should be, “Practices like untouchability (2) and belief of ritual purity (1) of certain caste groups has exacerbated (3) issues of lack of access to toilets and poor maintenance(4) of existing toilets.” Hence, the option (c) is the correct answer.
S8. Ans. (a)
Sol. When one action follows very quickly after another done by the same person or thing, we can express the first action with a present participle (gerund). The present participle can modify nouns and pronouns. A gerund is the –ing form of a verb that functions the same as a noun while the infinitive form of a verb appears either as the basic form (with no marking) or with the word “to” and cannot take place of a noun. In the given sentence the activity of “providing access and maintenance” is a noun phrase, hence instead of an infinitive, a gerund must be used. Hence, option (a) is the most suitable answer choice.
S9. Ans. (d)
Sol. The earlier part of the sentence hints for the latter part of it as it mentions about the Swaachh Bharat Mission which has been successful in drawing people’s attention towards ODF. The only phrase that fits in the context of the passage is “has brought this serious problem into the mainstream”. All the other phrases/clauses are contextually irrelevant. Hence, option (d) becomes the most viable answer choice.
S10. Ans. (b)
Sol. Among the given words, “acknowledged” fits aptly in the context of the passage as it means accept or admit the existence or truth of. All the other words are either contextually incoherent to the passage or they fail to fit in either of the sentences. Hence, option (b) becomes the most suitable answer choice.
halted: bring or come to an abrupt stop.
jettisoned: throw or drop (something) from an aircraft or ship.
conveyed: transport or carry to a place.
deployed: move (troops or equipment) into position for military action.
S11. Ans. (d)
Sol. Among the given words, “discrimination” fits aptly in the context of the passage as it means the unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people, especially on the grounds of race, age, or sex. All the other words are either contextually incoherent to the passage. Hence, option (d) becomes the most suitable answer choice.
Mettle: a person’s ability to cope well with difficulties; spirit and resilience.
Acquisition: the learning or developing of a skill, habit, or quality.
Sufferance: absence of objection rather than genuine approval; toleration.
Pusillanimity: lack of courage or determination; timidity.
S12. Ans. (b)
Sol. Among the given words, “infrastructure” precisely replaces (G) to form a grammatically correct and contextually meaningful paragraph. Other options are out of context and do not fit in the given blank. Hence, option (b) is the most suitable answer choice.
S13. Ans. (e)
Sol. The phrase given in (H) is contextually meaningful and grammatically correct. Hence, option (e) is the most suitable answer choice.
S14. Ans. (d)
Sol. The presence of the word ‘prevalence’ after ‘examining it to’ makes it incorrect. Also the word ‘understand’ in its position is contextually incorrect. The positions of the words (1) and (2) are correct. Upon interchanging 3-4, we get a sentence which is grammatically and contextually meaningful and correct. Thus the correct sentence should be, “Even though the IHDS datasets, which we (1)analyse here under, pertain to a period before the SBM was (2)launched, there may yet be value in examining it to (4)understand the broader exclusions that exist vis-à-vis caste and social status as well as the extent, (3)prevalence, and impact of these differences.”
Hence, option (d) is the most suitable answer choice.
S15. Ans. (e)
Sol. Among the given options, only option (e) gels well with the preceding and the following sentences of (J). The rests seem out-of-context. Both the preceding and following sentences of (J) state the data related to IHDS survey 2011-12. Therefore, the option (e) sentence easily fits in the context of the passage continuing its theme.
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