1. Livestream [laɪvˌstriːm]-लाइव स्ट्रीम
Verb/क्रिया: to broadcast (an event) on the internet as it happens.
Noun/संज्ञा: a live broadcast of an event on the internet.
Example/उदाहरण: For instance, the protests against the use of Hindi signage in Bangalore’s Metro last month.
2. Signage [sahy-nij]-निर्देशक या चेतावनी संकेतक
Noun/संज्ञा: graphic designs, as symbols, emblems, or words, used especially for identification or as a means of giving directions or warning.
Example/उदाहरण: Suffice it to note here that the Kannada activists appear to have been worked up by the perceived linguistic assertiveness of the newer, DMK-inspired Tamil migrants in Bangalore than the older Tamil settlers.
3. Suffice [suh-fahys, -fahyz]-पूरा करना/पर्याप्त होना
Verb/क्रिया: to be enough or adequate, as for needs, purposes, etc.
Synonyms/पर्यायवाची: get by, satisfy, answer, avail, content, do.
Antonyms/विलोमार्थी: displease, miss, refuse, dissatisfy.
Example/उदाहरण: The proliferation of Kannada activist groups — ranging from organisations with a Statewide presence to street-corner and neighbourhood outfits.
4. Proliferation [pruh-lif-uh-rey-shuh n]-प्रसार/फैलाव
Noun/क्रिया: the growth or production of cells by multiplication of parts; a rapid and often excessive spread or increase.
Synonyms/पर्यायवाची: generation, procreation, propagation, reproduction.
Example/उदाहरण: The External Affairs Ministry’s decision that Indian passports will record details in Hindi alongside English and the Personnel Ministry’s desire that the use of colloquial Hindi in “routine conversations in government offices” goes up continue to offer a privileged status for Hindi.
5. Colloquial [kuh-loh-kwee-uh l]-बोल-चाल की भाषा
Adjective/विशेषण: characteristic of or appropriate to ordinary or familiar conversation rather than formal speech or writing; involving or using conversation.
Synonyms/पर्यायवाची: conversational, vernacular, chatty, common, dialectal, everyday, idiomatic, popular, street.
Antonyms/विलोमार्थी: standard, stilted, correct, formal.
Example/उदाहरण: India must not succumb to global digital trade paradigms and rules that back predatory business.
6. Paradigm [par-uh-dahym, -dim]-मिसाल/उदाहरण
Noun/संज्ञा: an example serving as a model; pattern; a framework containing the basic assumptions, ways of thinking, and methodology that are commonly accepted by members of a scientific community.
Synonyms/पर्यायवाची: mold, standard; ideal, paragon, touchstone.
Example/उदाहरण: If something can be meaningfully negotiated at global trade talks, it is such digital services — each of which has different dynamics and implications and needs different treatment.
7. Dynamics [dahy-nam-iks]-गतिकी/गति-विज्ञानं
Noun/संज्ञा: (used with a singular verb) Physics. the branch of mechanics that deals with the motion and equilibrium of systems under the action of forces, usually from outside the system; (used with a plural verb) the motivating or driving forces, physical or moral, in any field; (used with a plural verb) the pattern or history of growth, change, and development in any field.
Synonyms/पर्यायवाची: act, gesture, passage, stream, agitation, fluctuation, move, sweep, sign, tendency.
Antonyms/विलोमार्थी: idleness, stagnation, immobility, repose, rest, stiffness.
8. Implication [im-pli-key-shuh n]-निहितार्थ
Noun/संज्ञा: something implied or suggested as naturally to be inferred or understood; the act of implying.
Synonyms/पर्यायवाची: conclusion, connotation, indication, meaning, overtone, ramification, significance.
Antonyms/विलोमार्थी: measurement, proof, reality, truth.
Example/उदाहरण: It is hardly an appropriate time for countries to make trade bargains and policy curtailment promises around them.
9. Bargain [bahr-guh n]-मोल तोल
Noun/संज्ञा: an advantageous purchase, especially one acquired at less than the usual cost; an agreement between parties settling what each shall give and take or perform and receive in a transaction; such an agreement as affecting one of the parties.
Synonyms/पर्यायवाची: arrangement, contract, deal, negotiation, pact, transaction, understanding, bond, business.
Antonyms/विलोमार्थी: disagreement, misunderstanding, break, rip-off.
10. Curtail [ker-teyl]-घटाना/सक्षिप्त करना
Verb/क्रिया: to cut short; cut off a part of; abridge; reduce; diminish.
Related forms: curtailment, noun.
Synonyms/पर्यायवाची: abbreviation, condensation, cutback, reduction.
Antonyms/विलोमार्थी: enlargement, increase.
